Volume 10, Issue 3 (Summer 2021)
aumj 2021, 10(3): 261-270 |
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Hamid N, Rezaeemanesh S, Rostami R. The Efficacy of High Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Inner Speech and Working Memory in Schizophrenic Patients. aumj 2021; 10 (3) :261-270
URL: http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1360-en.html
URL: http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-1360-en.html
1- Associate Professor of clinical psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran , n.hamid@scu.ac.ir
2- 2MSc student of clinical psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3- Professor of psychiatry, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran Correspondent author: Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2- 2MSc student of clinical psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3- Professor of psychiatry, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran Correspondent author: Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
Abstract: (1789 Views)
Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of high frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation on inner speech and working memory in schizophrenic patients.
Methods: This study was a pretest-posttest experimental design with control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all schizophrenic patients referring to the outpatient department of Imam Hossein hospital in 1398, 12 of whom were selected by convenience sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria then were assigned randomly into two groups of 6 each. High frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment (20 Hz) was used for experimental group but the control group received no intervention during the study. The instruments were the positive and negative syndrome scale in schizophrenia, the Inner speech questionnaire, and the Daneman and Carpenter working memory questionnaire before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and one-way covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results showed that there were significant differences between experimental and control group(p<0/005). The rate of inner speech significantly decreased in comparison with pretest and control group, but the rate of active memory increased.
Conclusion: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), significantly reduced inner speech and improved active memory.
Methods: This study was a pretest-posttest experimental design with control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all schizophrenic patients referring to the outpatient department of Imam Hossein hospital in 1398, 12 of whom were selected by convenience sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria then were assigned randomly into two groups of 6 each. High frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment (20 Hz) was used for experimental group but the control group received no intervention during the study. The instruments were the positive and negative syndrome scale in schizophrenia, the Inner speech questionnaire, and the Daneman and Carpenter working memory questionnaire before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and one-way covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results showed that there were significant differences between experimental and control group(p<0/005). The rate of inner speech significantly decreased in comparison with pretest and control group, but the rate of active memory increased.
Conclusion: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), significantly reduced inner speech and improved active memory.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2021/08/27 | Accepted: 2021/09/01 | Published: 2021/09/01
Received: 2021/08/27 | Accepted: 2021/09/01 | Published: 2021/09/01
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