Alborz University

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 Mesenchymal stem cells are used to treat stroke and myocardial infarction in patients. Although they are fundamentally different from heart cells such as heart muscle cells, recent evidence suggests that injections of mesenchymal stem cells into the heart are mediated by the secretion of paracrine factors to restore heart function. Mesenchymal stem cells release all of the paracrine factors through membrane vesicles called exosomes. All biomolecules are assembled into exosomes that are regularly released from the donor cell. Also, exosomes bind to cellular receptors by the ligand-receptor reaction. Therefore, exosomes can secrete biological molecules such as proteins, RNAs and microRNAs. Stem cell-derived exosomes can be successfully used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, cancers and hypertension. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the components and changes in the content of exosomes in human cells that can be used as an effective treatment in the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases and other diseases. Futures clinical studies will require the effective use of exosomes in cardiovascular disease, based on the specific molecular structure of each individual in personalized medicine.

Keywords: Exosomes, Cardiovascular disease, Mesenchymal stem cells

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