Alborz University of Medical sciences Alborz University Medical Journal 2322-3839 2588-3046 8 1 2019 1 1 Non-invasive Prenatal Testing: New Prospects to Personalized Prenatal Medicine 1 10 FA Fatemeh Mansouri Department of Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran mansouri1600@hotmail.com Y 0000-0002-9268-052x 10.29252/aums.8.1.1 Recent works have discovered, the focus on prenatal diagnosis have now opened up new start for a more detailed analysis of fetal genetics and genomics. The non-invasive diagnostic techniques are safe and effective tools that can provide a greater understanding of the fetus development and progresses, genetic fetal disorders and new approaches for treatment. There is growing evidence that the fetal assessment using transcriptomic analyses such as cell-free DNA and RNA molecules in the mater­nal blood are critical biomarkers for prenatal diagnosis. Transcriptoms are stable and present in blood circulation and amniotic fluid from pregnant women and rapidly growing number of reports of these molecules as biomarkers for various diseases and can be regulated by different stage of pregnancy. The objectives of this review are I) explain the advances in molecular testing for analyzing fetal development and progress for prenatal diagnostics. II) Provide a summary of application and type of genetic material to personalized prenatal medicine. Therefore analysis of the transcriptome will help to overcome some of the limitations of current methods to attain ensure the quality and safety of the test and led to reduction invasive procedures and miscarriage. Prenatal testing, Personalized medicine, Non-invasive http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-880-en.html http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-880-en.pdf

Alborz University of Medical sciences Alborz University Medical Journal 2322-3839 2588-3046 8 1 2019 1 1 Intravenous Fluid Therapy Accompanied with Phototherapy in Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia: A Randomized Control Trial Study 11 16 FA Mohmmmad Golshan Tafti Assistant Professor Of Pediatric. Department of Pediatric, Azad University of Medical Sciences and Health Services mgolshan035@ gmail.com Y 0000-0003-0323-7436 Mohammad Karbaliezadeh General Physician, Department of Pediatric, Azad University of Medical Sciences and Health Services N 10.29252/aums.8.1.11 Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is common complaint in neonatal medicine and most of neonates were involved. Intravenous (IVFT) fluid therapy can decrease neonatal needs to blood exchange and hospitalization in accompanied with phototherapy. Present control trial was designed for determining the impacts of IVFT fluid therapy accompanied with phototherapy in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. Methods: Present parallel randomized double blinded control trial study was performed on fifty term infants of two educational hospitals during six months between January and June 2015. Study intervention was getting 70 cc/kg IV fluid (mixture of 33.3%normal saline and 66.6% dextrose serum) more than phototherapy. Study object was assessment of impact of IV fluid therapy on serum bilirubin of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. Outcome was decrease in serum bilirubin level of neonates. Neonates were allocated to the trial groups randomly with table of accidental numbers. Results: Finally 25 neonates in case and 25 neonates in control group included into analysis. Total Serum Bilirubin (TSB) was checked eight hours after study begging and continues daily until achieving to less than 12 mg/dl. Complete blood cells and group, maternal and infants Rh, direct combs test, reticulocyte count , total and direct bilirubin were measured accompanied with TSB. There was no significant differences in serum level of bilirubin between study groups in first eight hours, first and second day. Mean of hospital stay duration between two study groups had no significant differences. Conclusion: IV fluid therapy had not significant therapeutic effects on TSB in neonates but it can be used for treatment of dehydration. IV fluid therapy, Hyperbilirubinemia, Phototherapy http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-881-en.html http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-881-en.pdf

Alborz University of Medical sciences Alborz University Medical Journal 2322-3839 2588-3046 8 1 2019 1 1 The Predicting Perceived Stress Based on Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation in Patients with Obesity 17 26 FA Fariba Nikdoost Msc of Personality Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran N Niloufar Tahmouresi Assosiated Professor in Departemant of Psycology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran niloufat.tahmouresi@kiau.ac.ir Y 0000-0002-8290-8500 Zahra Abaspoor Azar Assosiated Professor, Islamic Azad University, Branch oh North Tehranj, Tehran, Iran N 10.29252/aums.8.1.17 Background: Apart from important role of unhealthy eating patterns on eating-related problems (i.e. obesity and eating disorders), the underlying processes of such eating patterns are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to predicting perceived stress based on cognitive emotion regulation and difficulties in emotion regulation in patients with obesity. Materials and Methods: The descriptive- correlation method was used. The statistical population consists of all the patients with obesity refer to counseling centers, nutrition and treatment regimen of Karaj city in 1396 to 49817 patients with obesity. According to Cochran formula, participants in this analytical study were consisted of 381 obese individuals with a Body Mass Index (BMI) higher than 30 Kg/m2. The convenience sampling method was used in this research. Data collection tools included three valid and reliable scales global measure of perceived stress of Cohen and et al (1983) cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire of Granefski and et al(2002) and difficulties in emotion regulation scale of Gratz and Roemer (2004). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multi regression analysis. Results: Findings showed that there was a significant correlation between perceived stress with cognitive emotion regulation and difficulties in emotion regulation in patients with obesity (P<0/01). Regression analysis indicated that cognitive emotion regulation and difficulties in emotion regulation play a significant role in explaining perceived stress in patients with obesity (P<0/01). Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of cognitive emotion regulation and emotion regulation as a key risk factor in unhealthy eating patterns. Moreover, the restrictive eating patterns and binge eating patterns difference each other in terms of cognitive emotion regulation and difficulties in emotion regulation. Treatment interventions must address the cognitive emotion regulation and difficulties in emotion regulation and include the strategies to cope with obesity.   Perceived stress, Cognitive emotion regulation, Difficulties in emotion regulation, Obesity http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-882-en.html http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-882-en.pdf

Alborz University of Medical sciences Alborz University Medical Journal 2322-3839 2588-3046 8 1 2019 1 1 Evaluation of Olive Leaf Extract Effects on Functional and Structural Changes of Liver Tissue Following Lipopolysaccharide Administration in Rats 27 34 FA Sahar Asghari Bijargah DVM student, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran N Masoud Alirezaei Division of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran Alirezaei_m54@yahoo.com Y 0000-0003-1022-8896 Omid Dezfoulian Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran N 10.29252/aums.8.1.27 Background: Olive leaves are considered as significant sources of bioactive phenolic compounds with superior antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory and radical scavenging. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of olive leaf extract on liver tissue following LPS administration. Materials and Methods: 28 male Wistar rats were divided into control group, LPS, olive leaf extract 40mg/kg BW plus LPS and olive leaf extract 60mg/kg BW plus LPS groups. Control and LPS groups were treated with distilled water and olive leaf extract 40 & 60 mg/kg groups were administrated with olive leaf extract as oral for ten consecutive days. LPS and olive leaf extract  groups (40 and 60 mg/kg ) received LPS (Salmonella typhosa,once 5mg/kg) in the 11th  day as intraperitoneally. Results: LPS-induced hepatotoxicity was manifested by a significant elevation in serum levels of ALT and AST enzyme activities and triglyceride concentration in comparision with the control group (P<0.001). Olive leaf extract supplementation, significantly decreased serum activity of ALT and AST enzymes and triglyceride concentration. Conclusion: Therefore, it seems olive leaf extract containing oleuropein, is able to prevent LPS-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Olive leaf extract, Oleuropein, Lipopolysaccharide, Oxidative stress, Liver http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-883-en.html http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-883-en.pdf

Alborz University of Medical sciences Alborz University Medical Journal 2322-3839 2588-3046 8 1 2019 1 1 Teaching Foreign Language to Down Syndrome: Case Study of An Iranian Girl 35 44 FA Zahra Naderifarjad Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities , Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran N Nourodin Yousofi Applied Linguistics, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran nyousofi@yahoo.com Y 0000-0002-7352-242x Saman Ebadi Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities , Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran N 10.29252/aums.8.1.35 Introduction: Although much individual variability exists, most persons with Down Syndrome (DS) experience marked expressive language delays and challenges with speech production, hearing, and verbal memory that may negatively affect literacy development. There is a paucity of research regarding intervention literacy programs in their first language; however, there appears to be no comprehensive study about learning to read in a second language. The current study tries to develop a program for these individuals to gain literacy in second language as well as the first language. Method: This was a longitudinal case study. The intervention started with teaching English alphabets .The study was done in three phases. Each phase was based on previous phase findings. Each session was recorded with the camera. Another tool of data gathering was researchers' diaries. Collecting data by filming sessions provided the opportunity to analyze sessions extensively. Results: The result of the study showed that the case of the study gained the ability to recognize the letters and read them. This study shows that children with DS can be taught to read English words. The authors describe intervention literacy program that used a hybrid approach to reading instruction combining whole-word (i.e., visual) and analytic (i.e., phonic or sound-based) reading strategies. Conclusion: Despite the genetic, cognitive and memory problems people with Down syndrome have the ability to learn English and read second language words. It seems that intensive interventions and exploitation of the strengths of these individuals such as the reduction of pressure on working memory and using visual memory and multisensory techniques can work. This study has many applications for medical professionals, teachers and parents. Down syndrome, Foreign language literacy, Multisensory method http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-884-en.html http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-884-en.pdf

Alborz University of Medical sciences Alborz University Medical Journal 2322-3839 2588-3046 8 1 2019 1 1 The Relationship Between Occupational Exhaustion and Job Performance Among Nurses Working in Educational Centers of Alborz University of Medical Sciences 45 53 FA Alireza Amirkabiri Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran N Zahra Mokhlesabadi Farahani Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Zahra.farahani57@yahoo.com Y 0000-0001-8014-6429 Mitra Rahimzadeh Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran N Tahereh Mokhlesabadi Farahani Educational and Therpeutic Center of Kamali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, karaj, Iran N Mahnaz Akbari Kamrani Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran N 10.29252/aums.8.1.45 Introduction: Nurses includes a large part of the human resources of the health system, which plays an important role in continuing care and promotion of health, and affects the productivity of nursing staff throughout the organization. In this issue, the current survey aimed to investigate the relationship between occupational exhaustion and job performance among nurses working in educational centers of Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Material and Methods: A descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 216 nurses from selected educational centers of Alborz University of Medical Sciences between September 2015 and March 2016. To collect data, two standard questionnaires of Copenhagen occupational exhaustion and job performance were used. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient under the SPSS v.19 program and at the significance level of less than 0.05. Results: The results of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between job exhaustion with dimensions (p = 0.013, r = -0.187), incentive (p = 0.009, r = -0.187) and validity (p = 0.027, r = -0.163). There is a significant relationship between job performance. The finding also showed that there is a significant relationship between occupational exhaustion and occupational exposure (p = 0.010, r = -0.189). Conclusion: Due to the direct relationship between occupational exhaustion and nursing practice, it is necessary to provide hospital managers with tools to improve nursing job exhaustion in the hospitals. Occupational exhaustion, Job performance, Individual burnout, Work-related exhaustion, Exhaustion related to client. http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-885-en.html http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-885-en.pdf

Alborz University of Medical sciences Alborz University Medical Journal 2322-3839 2588-3046 8 1 2019 1 1 Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Dental Curing Light in Dental Offices Located in Karaj in 2016 54 60 FA Mahshid Saffarpur Dental School, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran N Yasaman Tahmasebi Namin Dentist, Tehran, Iran yasaman_tahmasebi@yahoo.com Y 0000-0002-3118-7045 Amir Hossein Shaikaba Mehr Department of Prosthodontics, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran N 10.29252/aums.8.1.54 Objective: Light-cured composites and restorative materials are widely used in dentistry. The success of restoration largely depends on the effectiveness of the curing light, including the duration of irradiation and wavelength. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of curing light devices routinely used in dental offices of Karaj in 2016. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 120 QTH and LED curing light devices used in Karaj dental offices were randomly evaluated. A standard questionnaire was used to collect the variables of the device type, age, and brand, number of repairs, reasons for repair, time of last repair, number of bulb replacements, time of last bulb replacement, device being fitted with a measure severity, duration of irradiation for each composite layer, frequency of using the equipment in a day, sterilization method, light intensity, and number of office days in a week. Data were analyzed with SPSS using Spearman correlation coefficient, independent t test, and chi-square at a level of 0.05%. Results: The results showed that the light intensity of all devices was above 200 mw/cm2. The light intensity of 11.1% of QTH devices was unfavorable while the light intensity of all LED devices was favorable.  The results showed a significant correlation between brand and light intensity, between the number of bulb replacement and device type, between the number of bulb replacements and light intensity, between the number of bulb replacements and clinical age of the device, and between the number of repairs and the device type (P≤0.05). There was no significant relationship between the device type and repair reason. The results also showed an indirect relationship between the clinical age of the device and light intensity. A significant difference was found in light intensity between QTH and LED devices. Conclusion: The light intensity of 11.1% of QTH devices was unfavorable, and the main reason for repair was tip breakage. Light intensity decreased with an increase in the clinical age of the device; therefore, regular quality control and timely bulb replacement are of great importance. Curing light equipment, Light intensity, Resin-based composite http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-886-en.html http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-886-en.pdf

Alborz University of Medical sciences Alborz University Medical Journal 2322-3839 2588-3046 8 1 2019 1 1 The Effects of Probiotics on Indirect Bilirubin Level in the Infants with Neonatal Jaundice 61 68 FA Mohammad Golshan Tafti Assistant Professor, Neonatal Specialty, Faculty of Medicine Ali ibn Abitaleb (AS), Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Iran mgolshan035@gmail.com Y 0000-0003-0323-7436 Faezeh Eftekhari Student of Medicine, Ali-Ebn-Abitaleb school of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran N Ahmad Shajari Associate Professor, Pediatric Nephrology Specialist, Faculty of Medicine Ali ibn Abitaleb (AS), Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Iran N eyed Mohammad Amin Hashemipour Medical Student , Young Researchers and Elites Club, Faculty of Medicine ,Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran N 10.29252/aums.8.1.61 Objective: At the beginning of the birth, due to an increase in enterohepatic cycle, the baby is at high risk for jaundice, leading to a physiologic jaundice. Although phototherapy is a safe treatment, it can lead to complications such as hyperthermia, erythematous rashes, inflammatory fluids, and diarrhea. Thus, a new therapeutic approach to lowering the level of bilirubin and also reducing the need for phototherapy can be According to the studies, probiotics (pedilact) regulate intestinal function of the enterohepatic vasculature and therefore may be effective in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotics on indirect indirect bilirubin levels in the blood. Material and Methods: This analytical study was carried out using clinical parallels and parallelism with B & A design the study population consisted of 80 neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia who were randomly divided into two groups of exposed and non-invasive subjects. Non-existent group members were treated with phototherapy only and the newborns in the exposure group received 5 drops of probiotics daily for discharge until they were received. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17 software and independent t-test, paired t-test and ANOVA Results: The mean of indirect bilirubin reduction on the first day was 3.4 mg / dl in the phototherapy group and 3.5 mg / dl in the phototherapy + probiotic group and was not significant with p-value of 949.0. The mean of indirect bilirubin reduction per day The second one was 6.3 mg / dl in the phototherapy group and 7.mg / dl in the phototherapy + probiotic group, which was more than the phototherapy group and had no significance with p-value = 0.177. Indirect bilirubin reduction on day 3 of the phototherapy group / 6mg / dl in the phototherapy + probiotic group was 7.1 mg / dl, which is more than phototherapy group and does not have significant significance with p-value=0.618. Conclusion: The mean of bilirubin reduction in the phototherapy + probiotic group is slightly higher than that in the phototherapy group but is not statistically significant. Probiotics, Neonatal Jaundice, Indirect Bilirubin Reduction http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-887-en.html http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-887-en.pdf

Alborz University of Medical sciences Alborz University Medical Journal 2322-3839 2588-3046 8 1 2019 1 1 A Case Report of Acute Eosinophilic Appendicitis 69 74 FA Mojtaba Ahmadinejad Department of Surgery, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran N Touran Bahrami Babaheidari Faculty Member of Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran N Reza Nabi Amjad Faculty Member of Pathology Department, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran rezaamjad8504@gmail.com Y 0000-0001-6335-9545 Ali Hashemi Department of Pathology, Alborz University of Medical Scinces, Karaj, Iran N Mitra Moqadasi BSN, Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran N 10.29252/aums.8.1.69 Introduction: Acute eosinophilic appendicitis (AEA) is a rare disease with unknown pathophysiology. Case Report: A 42-years old woman with acute abdominal pain referred to emergency department. Appendicitis confirmed after laboratory tests and sonography. She had a history of allergic reaction 45 days ago while tongue and throat were swollen. In alb test WBC was 7700 with PMN 60%, eosinophils 12% and Lymphocytes  28%. Conclusion: Considering hypersensitivity in physical exam is a suitable way to determine and treatment and preventing of consequent gastro-intestinal complications. Appendicitis, Eosinophil, Hypersensitivity, Case report http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-888-en.html http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-888-en.pdf

Alborz University of Medical sciences Alborz University Medical Journal 2322-3839 2588-3046 8 1 2019 1 1 Post-cataract Surgery Endophthalmitis by Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa : Case Report 75 78 FA Shabnam Karami Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran N Farzaneh Firoozeh Dietary Supplements and Probiotics Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran firoozeh823@gmail.com Y 0000-1112-4026-4110 Mahmoud Saffari Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran N Kambiz Ameli Zamani Department of Ophthalmology, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran N 10.29252/aums.8.1.75 Introduction: Endophthalmitis is the most devastating complications of cataract surgery that can lead to visual loss, blindness and death in severe cases. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram negative rod that known to cause keratitis and endophthalmitis. The emergence of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains is a serious problem. The treatment of endophthalmitis by multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains is very difficult due to the limitation for the choice of effective antibiotic. Case Presentation: A 63-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with severe pain and blurred vision. She had (PE+PCIOL) surgery in her right eye three days ago. Endophthalmitis was diagnosed and the Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified in culture. The study of antimicrobial resistance pattern showed the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain was multidrug resistant.  After vitrectomy the patient had vision loss and finally the severe vitreous reaction led to death. Conclusion: Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis is a rapidly progressive infection and associated with sight loss. The treatment of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis is difficult and rapid treatment with appropriate antibiotic according to determination of antimicrobial resistance pattern is essential. Endophthalmitis, cataract surgery, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antibiotic resistance http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-889-en.html http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-889-en.pdf