@article{ author = {Gharegozloo, M. and Mazouri, A. and Akhavirad, S.M.B. and Ebrahimi, M. and Shahani, F. and Movahedi, M.}, title = {The Prevalence and Associated Respiratory Symptoms and Spirometric Indices in Tehran University Students Were Assessed using a Questionnaire ECRHS During 2013-2014}, abstract ={Background: ECRHS questionnaire used for the survey of respiratory symptoms and asthma. In this study the prevalence and associated respiratory symptoms and spirometric indices in Tehran University students were assessed using a questionnaire ECRHS during 2013-2014. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1729 students from all faculties of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were evaluated at ages 20 to 44 years. The first step for screening respiratory symptoms questionnaire was completed by volunteers ECRHS I that 671 people were excluded because test is negative, and 997 patients because of the reluctance to enter the second phase of the study did not ECRHS II, and 61 patients were entered into the second phase ECRHS questions at this stage was completed by a doctor. Results: The mean age of participants with respiratory symptoms was 23.2±3.7 (20-44), that 508 (48%) men and 550 (52%) were female. Prevalence of respiratory symptoms according ECRHS I for all the symptoms 61.2%, respectively, the most frequent wheezing (33%), and the symptoms of allergic rhinitis (73.4%), the prevalence of diagnosed asthma was 9.3%. Significant direct correlations were found between MEF 25-75 ∆ and With waking with a feeling of heaviness on chest , with Difficulty breathing , between FVCex ∆ and Attack of shortness of breath at rest, between FVCex with Respiratory symptoms during certain times of the menstrual cycle , between FEV1 with Respiratory symptoms during certain times of the menstrual cycle. Also, between allergic rhinitis with FEV1 , between MEF 25-75 with allergic rhinitis, and FEV1/FVC ∆ with allergic rhinitis were found Significa nt direct correlations. But, no significant direct correlations were found between allergic rhinitis with FEV1/FVC, between allergic rhinitis with FVCex ∆. Conclusion: Asthma seems to be a pattern of high prevalence of risk factors including Environmental, labor, industrial pollution, housing, behavior issues, misconceptions of the disease, lack of education to patients by clinicians. It seems that for improve asthma control, ECRHS questionnaire and spirometry test may be used as a complementary tool in clinical practice to detect adults with asthma and respiratory symptomes.}, Keywords = {Respiratory symptomes, ECRHS, Spirometry test, Asthma, Adults}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-25}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.1.1}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-511-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-511-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Mazloum, V.}, title = {The Comparison of Ankle Muscles Isometric Strength and Foot Eversion in Male Individuals with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and Healthy Peers: A Case-Control Study}, abstract ={Introduction: Proximal and distal factors to the knee joint can be assumed as etiology of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Some distal factors include excessive foot pronation and medial tibia torsion. The purpose of this study was to compare ankle musculature strength and rearfoot eversion in individuals with and without PFPS. Methods: Forty males (20 healthy and 20 patients) voluntarily participated in this case-control study. Isometric ankle dorsiflexor and invertor muscles strength, rearfoot eversion range of motion (ROM), and Navicular depression were respectively evaluated by handheld dynamometer, goniometry, and Navicular Drop Test by a single examiner for both groups. To analyze the measurements, Independent Samples t test for parametric data and Mann-Whitney U test for nonparametric data at P<0.05 significant level. Results: Isometric ankle dorsiflexor and invertor muscles strength were not statistically significant between the two groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between patients with PFPS and healthy counterparts regarding rearfoot eversion and Navicular depression (P>0.05). Conclusion: It can be deduced that isometric ankle dorsiflexor and invertor muscles strength, rearfoot eversion ROM, and foot pronation are not difference in patients with PFPS and healthy persons. }, Keywords = {Patellofemoral pain syndrome, Knee, Handheld dynamometer, Foot eversion, Ankle}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {26-32}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.1.26}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-512-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-512-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {AsadiShavaki, M. and Salehi, L.}, title = {The Survey of DailyIntake of Calciumand Vitamin Dinthe Elderly of Karaj City, 2014}, abstract ={Backgrounds and Objective:Vitamin D and calcium are two important factors for maintaining health and the elderlyrequires to these factors is more than other age groups. Calcium and vitamin D deficiency can cause many problems for humans. The present study aimed to determine the daily intake of calcium and vitamin D in the elderly of Karaj city.  Materials and Method: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in health centers of Karaj city in 2014. The valid questionnaire was used for data collecting from elderly ≥ 60 years (N=286). Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 19) and the descriptive - analytical tests. Results:52/4% of the participants in this study were female and 47/6% were male. Minimum & maximum age was 60 & 87 years. 51/4 % of them were uneducated or illiterate. The majority of women were housekeeper & the majority of men were retired or workless. The averageof daily intake of calcium and vitamin D were 577/12 mg and 27/18 IU. As sunlight use 20.2% were in undesirable condition. A significant relationship was between gender & job of participants with sunshine using (P<0/05). Conclusion: According to the results it's obvious that nutritional status and lifestyle of elderly in Karaj city (about calcium and vitamin D intake and use of sunlight) was in undesirable condition. Soit is suggested that effective strategies be taken to improve this situation.}, Keywords = {Calcium, Vitamin D, Nutrition, Elderly}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {33-40}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.1.33}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-516-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-516-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Kamaei, L. and FathiMoghaddam, H. and Mokhtari, M. and Moghadamnia, D.}, title = {Effects of Avicennia Marina Leaf and Fruit Hydro Alcoholic Extract on Streptozotosin –Induced Diabetic Male Rats}, abstract ={Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a important diseases. In the traditional and modern medicine different trap tics have been recommend medicine for diabetes Mellitus. We studied effects of Avicenna marina leaf and fruit hydro alcoholic extract in the diabetic rat by streptozotocin. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study; 45 male rats were divided into 9 groups of 5. Sham group; animals were fed with a normal diet. The test groups received intraperitoneal injection of 60mg/kg streptozotocin for induction of diabetes. Diabeties groups were further sub grouped into; diabetes sham, positive sham (diabetes + 0.9% normal saline) and 6 groups treated orally with hydro alcoholic extract of Avicenna marina leaf and fruit (30, 60, 120 mg/kg daily for three consecutive days). Twenty-four hours after the last treatment rats, blood samples were collected from heart for determining the blood glucose and insulin concentration levels using glucose oxidase and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) methods respectively. Results: Our results indicated that Avicenna marina leaf and fruit hydro alcoholic extract in all doses significant decrease in the serum glucose level of diabetic test rats compared to treated diabetic sham rats. 120mg/kg of Avicenna marina leaf hydro alcoholic extract significant increase in the serum insulin level of diabetic test rats compared to treated diabetic sham rats. 60mg/kg of Avicenna marina fruit hydro alcoholic extract significant increase in the serum insulin level of diabetic test rats compared to treated diabetic sham rats(P<0. 05) . Conclusion: Avicenna marina leaf and fruit hydro alcoholic extract can significantly decrease the blood glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. }, Keywords = {Avicenna marina, Diabetes, Blood glucose, Insulin}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {41-50}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.1.41}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-517-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-517-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {MehrabaniNatanzi, M. and Kamalinejad, M. and Khodaii, Z. and Kamali, J. and Hashemi, S.A. and Dehghan, M.H.}, title = {Wound Healing Effect of Aqueous Extract of Rhus Coriaria in Rat}, abstract ={Introduction: Wound healing is one of the most complicated biological events after birth that causes dead tissue replace with new one. Any defect in wound healing, can lead to chronic skin disorders causing severe loss of quality of life and even death. So far, a drug that could effectively promote and advance the natural process of wound healing in the body, has not been introduced. Treatment of wounds and burns, is still one major issue, even in developed countries. Due to importance and value of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on wound healing, and the presence of these activities in some medicinal plants, in this study, the healing effects of aqueous extract of  Rhus coriaria fruit, was examined.   Materials and Methods: After creating a full-thickness skin wound on the back of 45 male Sprague-Dawley rats, they were randomly divided into three groups: treatment, control or positive control. After 24 hours, the treatment group received 0.5 gram of the fruit extract, the positive control group treated with 2%mupirocin ointment  and the control group received no treatment. Wound healing rates were calculated on days 0, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12 and 15 post-wounding and the wound tissues were harvested at 5, 10, and 15 days for histological and biochemical analysis. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was used to determine the anti-oxidant and anti- inflamatory activity of the pklant extract. The results were statistically analysed using SPSS software. Results: The percentage of the wound contraction was significantly increased in days 10, 12 and 15 in the treated group compared to the control group(P<0.01). A significant increase in the assigned histological scores was observed at days 10 and 15  in the treated group compared to the control group (P<0.005 and P<0.05 respectively). This extract significantly decreased the MPO activity 10 days after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: These data provide evidence that Rhus coriaria extract accelerates cutaneous wound healing and its effect may be due to the increased re-epithelialization, collagen deposition and decreased MPO activity and oxidative damage in wound and so it can be used as a therapeutic agent for wound healing.}, Keywords = {Wound healing, Rhus coriaria, histology and Myeloperoxidase}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {51-59}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.1.51}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-518-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-518-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Hajfiroozabadi, M. and Amiri, S. and BahramiBabaheydari, T. and Khoshkesht, S.}, title = {Prevalence of Tendency to Substance Abuse Among Medical University Students and Its Relationship with Identity Styles}, abstract ={Background: Adolescence is an inevitable stage of mankind development that has paid attention because of its special sensation. Adolescence is an appropriate time to forming Identity (sense and concept of himself) that mix the individual's history and necessary capabilities for psychological health in adulthood. One of the serious dangers in this stage is adolescence tendency to the drug and substance abuse, and is one of the most prevalent disorders in youth and adolescence stage. The objective of this research is the survey on the relation between Identity styles and tendency to substance abuse among male medical university students. Methods & Materials: This research is a sectional- type correlation study that has operated on the 339 persons of male, students that were educate in Alborz University of medical science. two standardized identification styles (ISI=G6) and questionnaire of recognizing risk exposed people, has used. Data collection operated by researcher in a stage and then data analyzed by using descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequency and standard deviation) and inference statistics (χ2 test, regression) in SPSS 18 edition. Results: The results that obtained from analyzing data show that 35.8 percent of students have informational Identity style, and 27.4 percent have normative style and 36.8 percent have Diffuse/ avoidant style. 47.3% of students have tendency toward substance abuse And also χ2 test show that there is a significant relation between tendency to substance abuse and positive addiction history in family Conclusion: There is a significant relation between Identity styles and tendency to substance abuse (P=0.001).}, Keywords = {Identity Styles, Substances abuse, Medical Students}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {60-65}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.1.60}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-519-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-519-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Arazi, H. and Dadvand, S. Sh.}, title = {The Effect of Eight Week Aerobic Training on Plasma Levels of Serotonin and Depression in Addicted Men to Methamphetamine During Rehabilitation}, abstract ={Background: Physical activity can reduce the incidence of physical and psychological disorders such as depression. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of eight week aerobic training on plasma levels of serotonin and depression in addicted men to methamphetamine during rehabilitation. Methods: A total of 20 men addicted to methamphetamine were referring to rehabilitation center with moderate depression were selected as a purposeful and available samples and randomly divided into two groups of aerobic training (n=10) and control (n=10). Group of aerobic training performed for 8 weeks, 3 days a week (each session for 45 min, included 10 min of warm up, running as two times of 15 minutes with an intensity of 70-75% of maximum heart rate, resting intervals of 3 to 4 min between them and 5 min cool down), While the control group hadn’t any effective physical activity. To measure levels of serotonin, in two stages, before and after training 5 cc blood were collected from the brachial vein of the subjects. Results: Eight weeks aerobic training increased significantly blood levels of serotonin in the training group compared to the control (P<0.05) and depression were reduced significantly. Conclusion: According to the findings it can be concluded that aerobic training can impact on blood levels of serotonin in addicted men to methamphetamine and increase plasma serotonin concentration and cause remarkable reduction in depression.}, Keywords = {Aerobic training, Serotonin, Depression, Addiction, Methamphetamine}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {66-74}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.1.66}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-520-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-520-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Nakhaee, A.R. and SarvarTaherabadi, M.}, title = {Association SOD2 Polymorphism(-9C/T) and Senile Cataract}, abstract ={Introduction: One of the most common causes of blindness around the world is cataract, which is a multifactorial eye disease and a major cause the loss lens transparency in the aging population. Oxidative stress is a major factor that often leads to cataract formation. Oxidative stress is defined as a disturbance in the balance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production  and antioxidant defenses, including enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems. One of the defense systems against free radicals is superoxide dismutase II (Mn SOD) enzyme. SOD enzyme catalyses the dismutation of superoxide anion to O2 and H2O2. Several polymorphism  have been found associated with SOD2 gene. Present study has been done to evaluaet effects of genetic polymorphism, including SOD2 C/T polymorphism in the -9 position in senile cataract patiens and normal individuals. Material and methods: in this case- control study, there are 120 patients with senile cataract and 104 healthy people. We collected 2ml of whole blood in tubes containing EDTA, and then DNA extraction was performed. Polymorphisms were detected by PCR–RFLP technique. Findings: The distribution of CC, CT, TT genotypes of SOD2 gene were 28.3%, 43.3% and 28.3% in the patient group and 24%, 48.1% and 27.9% in the healthy group, respectively. Conclusion: No significant difference in the distribution SOD2 C/T polymorphism was observed between cases and controls. }, Keywords = {Free‌ radical, Stress oxidative, Senile cataract, Superoxide dismutase, Polymorphism}, volume = {6}, Number = {1}, pages = {75-81}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.1.75}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-521-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-521-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {SadeghiDehkordi, Z. and Mohammadpour, M. and Moradi, S. and Bahrami, M.J. and Kordi, B.}, title = {Survey of Fungal Contamination of Hamedan Indoor Swimming Pools in 2016}, abstract ={Background: The use of public places such as swimming pools and saunas, including ways of transmission of cutaneous fungal infections in humans. SO, Study the causes of opportunistic and pathogen fungi can be very useful in these areas to eliminate the contamination or reduce it and thus possible infection is prevent. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the fungal Contamination of Hamedan indoor Swimming Pools in 2016. Methods: In this study, 3 indoor swimming pools of Hamedan, during 9 months 2016 in terms of fungal contamination were studied. To determine fungal contamination(saprophyte and dermatophyte) of the sample, Sampling of water in test tubes in a sterile screw and samples from different environmental surfaces in each pool (shower, dressing room surface, the chair and sit in the sauna, bath, platforms, around the pool) sterile carpet collection method was used. The samples separately on the specific media (Mycosyle Agar and SDA were inoculated and cultured using standard methods. Results: Results of the present study showed that from all the 720 cultivated samples, 513sampleswere positive for one or more fungal contamination including 288 mould saprophyte 56.14%), 216 yeast saprophyte (42.1%) and 9 dermatophyte pathogenic fungi (1/75%). Conclusion: The results of this study show that although most of fungal contamination were Saprophytic and few were dermatophyte, but the low number of fungal infections in dealing with host, High risk of developing asthma and allergic diseases are dangerous.}, Keywords = {Swimming pool, Fungal contamination, Hamedan}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {91-97}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.2.91}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-576-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-576-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {MohtashamAmiri, Z. and Joafshani, M.A. and BashariSheikhani, T. and Kiaei, M.}, title = {Impact of Birth Weight on Over Weight and Obesity in Preschool Children}, abstract ={Introduction: Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem and epidemiological studies are important to identify predictive factors. It is the aim of this study to analyze birth weight as a predict factor of obesity among preschool children. Methods: 554 preschool children (4-6years-old) were selected by multistage random sampling from rural areas in Rasht. Data collected from health records of households of health systems and interview with parents. Weight and height of children was measured. We considered children with weight- for- height>/= 85th percentile to be overweight and weight- for- height>/= 95th percentile to be obese. Data Analysis was done with SPSS Software Ver. 16. ِdescriptive statistics and X2 was used. Results: Overall, 256 children(46.4%) were boys, 37 (6.7%) of children were overweight and 36 (6.5%) of these were obese. At birth, 42(7.2%) of children were low birth weight and 28(5%) of them were high birth weight. There was a positive relation between birth weight and catch –up weigh in other periods of life but There were not any differences between overweigh and obesity rate with low birth weight, appropriate birth weight and high birth weight in children. Conclusion: It seems that birth weight does not predict obesity in childhood and environmental factors have more power on obesity that must be noticed.}, Keywords = {Obesity, Overweight, Preschool Children, Birth Weight}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {98-106}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.2.98}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-577-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-577-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Nafar, M. and Tayebi, M. and Sadati, L. and Pooragha, B.}, title = {Assay Quantitative Indicators of Multiple-Choice Tests in Some Faculty Members of Alborz University of Medical Sciences and Its Relationship with Demographic Variables in the First Semester 95-94}, abstract ={Introduction: Assessment of Educational Progress is an important part of the educational process, there are many ways to evaluate students, the most common type of Examination is multiple choice Questions and if they are properly designed, Become appropriate method for assessing learning. Objective: This study aimed to determine quantitative indicators multiple-choice tests, some faculty members of Alborz University of Medical Sciences and its relationship with demographic variables in the first semester 95-94 Methods: In this cross-sectional study (cross sectional) of 31 faculty members of Alborz University of Medical Sciences after obtaining permission from the Vice Chancellor for Research and the University of Education so that the researchers were examined by the software descriptive and analytical tests EDC unit test analysis software based in University studied anonymous. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency distribution and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient was used inferential. Results: Results showed that although the majority of tests have acceptable difficulty factor but their discrimination index is weak, the other had a small majority of test reliability. Conclusion: The results of this study can be argued that most of the questions used in the test was in need of fundamental review and be familiar with design workshops and assessment tests in order to meet the teachers and the inevitable creation of standard questions.}, Keywords = {Faculty Members, Multiple-choice tests, Quantitative indicators}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {107-113}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.2.107}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-578-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-578-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {salehifar, D. and Lotfi, R. and Mehrpour, G. and Vaezi, A.A. and Zamani, Sh. and Tajbakhsh, R. and Tahmtani, T.}, title = {Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Clinical Faculty Members of Alborz University of Medical Sciences Towards Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) and Its Using}, abstract ={Background: Evidence based medicine (EBM) is an approach to improve the quality of clinical decision making, treatment and care provided to patients. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of faculty members of Alborz University of Medical Sciences about EBM. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 2015 and 40 physicians participated. Data were collected by a valid and reliable structured questionnaire consisting 17 knowledge items, 8 attitude items and 12 items for practices about EBM. Using SPSS software version 19 data analyses was done. Results: From a total of 49 faculty members 40 responded the questionnaires in which 62.5% were female, the mean average age was 40.6 years and mean time of job experience was 8.1 years. About half of the respondents had participated in an EBM workshop, 10% of the participants have stated that do not know EBM and 37.5% had low knowledge, only 7.5% had adequate knowledge. Ninety percent of the respondents believed that EBM has an important role in promoting quality of care and 82% of them were interested to take part in EBM workshops. The information source for clinical practice in 70% of the participants was the text book, 55% Cochrane, and 45% clinical experience. Conclusion: Faculty members had a positive attitude toward EBM; although a vast majority of them claimed that they practice based on evidence in clinical settings, about half of them stated had not adequate knowledge about EBM. Therefore, it is necessary to keep their knowledge up to date. }, Keywords = {Evidence Based Medicine, Knowledge, Clinical practice}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {114-122}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.2.114}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-579-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-579-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Tajvidi, M. and Bahrami, T. and ZeighamiMohammadi, Sh. and Taleghani, M.}, title = {The Relationship Between Spiritual Well Being and Marital Satisfaction in Married Women Referred to Health Centers in Karaj}, abstract ={Background and Aims: Marital satisfaction, one of the most important determinants of healthy family functioning. Therefore dealing with components that can be useful is very important. Spiritual health is one of them. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual health and marital satisfaction. Method: The research was cross-sectional and correlational study, 122 married women referred to health centers in Karaj using a convenience sampling participated in the study. Enrich marital satisfaction questionnaire and Palutzian Ellison spiritual health questionnaire were used. To analyze the data was used SPSS version 16. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, regression, t-test and ANOVA was used to achieve the goals and answer research questions. Results: The results showed there were significant correlation between marital satisfaction and spiritual well being in married women ( (P<0/001). The results showed that the mean score of spiritual well-being was moderate (14 ± 99) and the mean score of marital satisfaction was also moderate (29 ± 164). There was a significant relationship between mean score of satisfaction and age, age of husband, husband's and wife's education, (p <0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study to improve the quality of life of women and men and marital satisfaction, spiritual health should be considered.}, Keywords = {Spiritual wellbeing, Marital satisfaction, Married women}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {123-129}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.2.123}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-580-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-580-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Sharifi, M. and Mafi, A.A.}, title = {Comparative Assessment of Patients’ Rights Observance in the Hospitalization Wards of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences’ Hospitals}, abstract ={Background: Patients are one of the most vulnerable social groups. Respecting patients’ rights will lead in advantages like “decrease in hospitalization time” and “increase in patients’ satisfaction”. This study is performed to assess the patients' rights observance in the hospitalization wards of educational hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this descriptive-cross sectional study 137 medical student (intern) were selected by convenience sampling method. We used a questionnaire with 12 questions. Reliability of questionnaire was confirmed by experts of the field and validity was confirmed by Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient (81%). The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS (v21) using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and Tukey test. Findings: In this study the observance rate of patients’ rights was at a good level in 41.6% of cases, at an average level in 55.5% of cases and at a low level in 2.9% of cases. There was a significant difference between several hospitalization wards in the observance rate of patients’ rights. (p = 0.001). The observance rate of patients’ rights in infectious disease ward and gynecology ward was at a lower level in comparison with other wards. Conclusion: The observance rate of patients’ rights was at an average to good level in most of hospitalization ward. However this observance rate is at a low level in some wards. More studies about the causes of these differences can help us in planning about improvement of patients’ rights observance.}, Keywords = {Patient Rights, Patient Satisfaction, Confidentiality, Informed Consent}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {130-137}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.2.130}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-581-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-581-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {MehrabaniNatanzi, M. and Kamalinejad, M. and Kamali, J. and Parvari, S. and Khodaii, Z.}, title = {Effect of Consuming Iodized Salt on Fertility Indices in Male Adult Rats}, abstract ={Introduction: Today about 27.4 percent of female 15-44 years and 1 percent of female in fertility age are affected by infertility. Iodine is a rare element that is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Concentration of the thyroid hormones in blood under the influence of iodine intake and changes in thyroid hormones levels interact with reproductive system. Today, all the people of Iran consuming iodized salt regardless of iodine status in their body. In this study according to high prevalence of the infertility among young couples, iodized salt intake on fertility in male rats were investigated. Materials and Methods: In this study 20 male and 20 female adult Wistar rats were used. Twenty male adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups. Including the control group and treatment group that received iodine and female adult Wistar were fed with a regular diet. Five male rats from each group were killed at the end of the fourth weeks in order to evaluate the possible effect of iodized salt on sperm analysis and weight of testis. After a month, male and female rats were placed in pairs in separate cages and their offspring were investigated in terms of number, gender and health. Results: The result of this study showed that the number of healthy offspring of treated male rats was significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion: Due to the negative effect of excessive iodine intake on fertility rate, it is recommended to couples to perform functional tests of their thyroid glands before intake of iodized salts.}, Keywords = {Iodized salt, fertility, male rat}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {138-144}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.2.138}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-582-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-582-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Darvishi, M. and GhaziVakili, Z. and Mohammadi, A.}, title = {The Relationship Between Religious Beliefs and Mental Health in Students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services and Karaj Islamic Azad University in 92-93}, abstract ={Introduction and Goal: We as a society in transition countries grapple with issues. Including the issues of youth unemployment, the economic, social, cultural and others. The increasing tendency of students to imitate the western culture And the duplication of a part of western culture and identity today emptiness of the west And moral collapse brought and glamor that can be said for our youth no entertainment, sports and leisure programs for their healthy catchy and their needs and the vacuum created in imitation of the vulgar aspects of western culture that quickly spread in our society to our young people away from having ideas is healthy and know the distance of this group of noble and religious values. students based on academic and social issues specific pressure groups are at risk. According to Islamic texts adherence to religious beliefs can be a deterrent lot of mental illness. increased attention to this issue across the world, the importance of religion and represents a return to religion and spirituality. According to the study on health and religion is still in its infancy and mental health in ensuring the dynamics of this segment of society that is dependent on medical students is important, It seems that the implementation of such researches to improve the level of social and religious knowledge students have an important role. Methods: This cross-sectional study (descriptive - analysis), the population of all students studying medical sciences universities in Tehran and Karaj Islamic Azad form. of the population. According to the study, the sample of 377 randomly selected subjects and to prevent the loss of samples, ten percent was added to the sample (415 people) and of these 404 people filled out the questionnaire responded. Three demographic information, general health and religious beliefs to collect data in order to achieve the objectives of the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics. After data collection, data processing and the purposes of the study using SPSS descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t test, Pearson and ANOVA) for analysis the data was used. Results: The results showed that between religious affiliation and sex, age and school year, there is no significant relationship (p> 0.05). In the relationship between religious affiliation, various aspects of mental health and other variables were observed between religious affiliation and gender, the level of anxiety and depression There is a significant relationship. But there is no relationship between the level of somatic symptoms and social functioning subscale there weakly (p <0.05). Conclusion: The results show that the religious affiliation of individuals based on gender can predict a person's sense of anxiety and depression.}, Keywords = {Religious Orientation, Mental Health}, volume = {6}, Number = {2}, pages = {145-152}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.2.145}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-583-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-583-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Abbasi, Ali Mohammad and PourNajaf, Abdolhosein and Kakaei, Hojjatollah and Badakhsh, Behzad and Kakaei, Zahr}, title = {Evaluation of Ergonomic Factors on the Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders Between the Urban and Out of Urban Drivers in Ilam Province}, abstract ={Introduction: Ergonomic factors can increase the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the ergonomic variables on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders between the urban and out of urban drivers in Ilam province. Materials and Methods: The population studied in this research including 251 peoples of the urban and out of urban drivers in Ilam province in 2007-2008. The different variables such as driving state, seat position, driver cab condition, the diameter of the steering wheel, steering angle to the horizon and etc were examined. Data analysis was conducted by statistical methods (SPSS-16 and x2 test) and the p-value of 0.05 was used as significant. Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the slope of the pedals, the height of steering wheel, seat position, availability of the driver cab, steering angle, the use of driver back protector with the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and the spinal pain due to the driving (p<0.05). Conclusions: Recognition of many factors in design of equipment of driver cab to create the safe environment for drivers is necessary. Therefore, the condition around of driver in car should be identified and so design that driver feeling comfort and relax on duty.}, Keywords = {Drivers, Back pain, Musculoskeletal disorders, Design}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {153-160}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.3.153}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-624-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-624-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Rahimzadeh, Mitra and Kavehi, Behrouz and Rahimzadeh, Zhila and Avary, Homeir}, title = {Prevalence of Depression in Diabetic Patients: Article Review and Meta-Analysis}, abstract ={Background: Diabetes and depression are among diseases highly associated with life style, urbanism, and industrialization. The concomitance of the two of them costs the patients many years of their lives. Many researchers have been done on the outbreak of depression among diabetics in Iran. The principal purpose of this study is to determine the outbreak of depression among diabetics using the Meta-analysis method. Methods: This study is a systematic review. The prevalence rate of depression among diabetics estimation was determined using Meta-analysis method on the data extracted from English and Persian data bases. To analyze the information obtained, we used STATA 11.2 and the random effect model. Results: Among 32 eligible researches 7135 patients with type I and II diabetes were chosen for this study. Using Beck’s self-report scale 65% of the cases shown mild to severe symptoms of depression. 64% of the patients were female and the prevalence rate of depression was reported 71.3% in the female and 60.3% in the male cases. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of depression among Iranian diabetics is higher in comparison with other countries. Considering the fact that the concomitance of the two of these diseases results in a raise in medical costs, it is recommended to the doctors to check for depression symptoms in diabetics and recommend health solutions to the patient and the one accompanying them.}, Keywords = {Prevalence of depression, Diabetics, Systematic review, Meta-analysis}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {161-172}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.3.161}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-625-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-625-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Koorosh and Taleshi, Zabihollah and Jokar, Abolfazl and Pouryaghub, Mohsen and Bayaat, Fateme and HajiMaghsoudi, Leyla and Maghsoudi, Mohammad Rez}, title = {Effect of Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) Program on Nurse\'s Performance in Simulated Trauma Model}, abstract ={Introduction: Since appropriate and initial methods in trauma care have a crucial role in patients outcome, we evaluated the effect of advanced trauma life support (ATLS) program on nurses’ performance in ER in a simulated model. Methods: A descriptive and analytical study before and after training as conducted in 30 ER nurses in shahid  Madani Hospital, Karaj, Iran in (oct, 2016) on the first day, we assessed for nurses’ clinical Knowledge and practical skill performance in confronting a simulated trauma patient. After two days of ATLS training we performed the same study and evaluated their performance again on the fourth day. findings of the above evaluations pre and post ATLS training program were compared by spss  software (version 15) and the p values significant. Results: The findings have shown that the ER nurses’ ability in all three tasks improved notably after the training course. On the fourth day fallowed by training, there was a statically significant increase in ER nurses’ knowledge of ATLS methods, the sequence of procedures and skill performance In trauma-facing situation ( p<0.001, p=0.016  and p=0.01 ).  Conclusion: ATLS course has a crucial role in increasing clinical knowledge and practical skills on trauma care in ER nurses.}, Keywords = {Advanced Trauma Life Support, Trauma, Practical skills}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {173-178}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.3.173}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-626-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-626-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {DehghanTarzjani, Mohammad Hosein and Alishiri, Niloofar}, title = {E-learning Readiness Assessment in Alborz University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Introduction: In today's dynamic and turbulent environments, organization know their competitive advantage to obtain new information and specialized knowledge and is of great importance to keep pace with environmental changes. One of the most important organizational issues in this dynamic environment is in terms of the importance of knowledge organizational learning. In fact, learning organization adjusts itself with changing environment and increases its productivity. One tool causing it, is e-learning systems. In fact, these systems provide opportunity to staff to update their skills and knowledge during the work. One requirement of using this tool is assessing organizational readiness for its implementation. In this research, E-learning Readiness in Alborz University of Medical Sciences has been investigated. Methods: This research is descriptive and in the type of analysis, it is a correlational survey. From the perspective of objective, it is an applied research that was conducted using questionnaires in an organization as a case study. The statistical population was 987 managers and employees, and the statistical sample was 272 people. The data was gathered in one step by the researcher, then analyzed in SPSS by using the descriptive statistics Results: The results indicate that the mentioned organization, in general, has necessary readiness to develop these systems. For the successful development of E-learning system, there are two recommendations for the organization: organizational support and improvement of financial policies to implement more appropriate strategies. Conclusions: There is enough E-learning Readiness in Alborz University of Medical Sciences.}, Keywords = {Learning, E-learning, Readiness}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {179-186}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.3.179}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-627-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-627-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ramezani, Reihaneh and Ramezani, Sedigheh}, title = {Survey of Spread and Reasons of Turning into Alternative Therapies to Current Medicine: (Case Study of Tehran)}, abstract ={Background: Reaching health is always considered as the most important personal and social goals and medical institution is one of the most important institutions in a society. So distance from the therapies recommending by this institution could show a suspicion to doctors, reducing their Prestige and even creation the legitimacy crisis for this institution. Therefore analysis the spread of alternative therapies to current medicine and it’s reasons are important and will be the purpose of this article. Methods: This study is a survey on 245 patients in five medical centers at five points of Tehran (North, South, East, West and Center).Method of sampling was available and data collection was implemented by the questionnaire which made by researcher. SPSS 23 software had used in data analysis. Results: The results showed the highest frequency in herbal treatment (2.72%) which had a significant gap to other alternative therapies. On the reasons of application, "because I saw a lot of people that concluded good result from this procedure and recommend it to others", with nearly 60% and "Because prescription drugs form doctors did not effect to solve my illness" with 52% gived most agreement. The statement "I think treatments which had recommended in advices of religious leaders is not useful for "todays illnesses" have inverse linear relationship with the herbal treatment by using the significance level of 95% with 0.395 beta coefficient. Conclusions: Although the reasons of citizens for using alternative therapies was more pragmatic, but statistical analysis showed that near 40% of the variance of using Herbal treatment among citizens interested by awareness about benefits of this therapy in advices of religious leaders.}, Keywords = {Alternative therapies to current medicine, Spread, Usage reasons, Tehran}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {187-198}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.3.187}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-628-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-628-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Jamshidi, Ali and Shariati, Mehrdad and Sepehr-Ara, Lili and Moghadamnia, Davoo}, title = {Effect of Abilizol Drug on Functional Test (LFT) and Liver Tissue Changes in Adult Male Rats}, abstract ={Background: The liver has important role in the metabolism of chemical drugs and plasma protein synthesis. Abilizol is used in the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar maniac disorders. In this study the effect of abilizol have been observed on serum levels of liver enzymes, total protein, albumin and liver tissue changes. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study 50 adult male rats from wistar race were divided in to 5 groups of 10.The experimental groups which received 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg of abilizol drug orally for 28 days. The control group which received nothings and the sham group which received solvent. At the end of this Period, blood samples were taken from all groups. ALT (Alanine Transaminase), AST (Aspartate Transaminase), ALP (Alkaline phosphatase), total protein and albumin were measured. Also histological changes of liver studied. Results: No significant differences were observed in levels of ALT , ALP and albumin enzymes between experimental and control groups. In experimental group received 15mg/kg abilizol drug showed a significant decrease in level of AST in compared with control group. In experimental group received 15mg/kg abilizol drug showed a significant decrease in level of total protein in compared with control group (p≤0.05). Density of liver tissue in all experimental groups received abilizol drug decrease significantly in compared with control group. Conclusion: Results show that abilizol is a cause of liver parenchymal cell failure and decreases liver enzymes levels.}, Keywords = {Abilizol, Liver Enzymes, Total Protein, Albumin, Adult Male Rat}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {199-210}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.3.199}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-629-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-629-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Azizeh and Abdiyan, Rasoul Dokht}, title = {Compare the Effects of Two High Intense Interval Training (HIIT) Protocol on Some Hem Rheological Markers in Young Overweight and Obese Women}, abstract ={Background: Manipulation of training variables such as intensity, volume and training session’s frequency could affect the exercise compatibility and dynamicity these carry out different physiological adaptations. The purpose of this study is determining the effect of two types high intensity training (HIIT) on some hem rheological factors in young overweight and obese women. Methods: 24 girls with age 25/75±1/18 y, height: 161/29± 4/23cm, weight 74/51±6/27 kg, fat 30/70± 2/23%, BMI 28/66±1/89 kg/m2 voluntarily participated in this study and randomly divided into three experimental HIIT1 group (n=8), HIIT2 group (n=8) and control group (n=8). The subjects of the group HIIT1 in each session running 30 seconds in four sets with 19 to 20 the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) Borg scale and two minutes of rest between sets. HIIT2 group running four sets of 60 s with the same intensity and four minutes rest between sets, training protocol performed three times a week and as long as four weeks. 48 hours before and 48 hours after exercise, blood samples were taken. For analyzing data, use Mixed between-within Subjects analysis of variance in level of (p>0.05). Results: Results showed in levels of RBC , MCV, MCH , hematocrit, hemoglobin wasn’t significantly variation and also difference between groups was not significant (p>0.05). RDW was significantly changed only in HIIT2 group (p<0.05) and there was no difference between groups (p>0.05). MCHC in each the experimental groups showed significantly changes, the difference between groups was significant only between each experimental groups with control (p<0.01). Conclusion: according to the results, it can be said that short term HIIT (30 s) in comparison with midterm HIIT (60 s) probably accompanied with slightly hemolysis side effects.}, Keywords = {Red blood cell count, Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW).}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {211-218}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.3.211}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-630-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-630-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Taherabadi, Maryam Sarvar and Nakhaee, Alirez}, title = {Association between SOD1 Polymorphism(+35A/C) and Senile Cataract}, abstract ={Introduction: Senile cataract is the most prevalent cause of blindness in the world. Variety of causes are involved in the pathogenesis of senile cataract, the most important reason is oxidative stress. Oxidative stress occurs because of increased production of free radicals in the body and decrease antioxidant capacity. One of the defense systems against free radicals is superoxide dismutase I (Cu/zn SOD). SOD enzyme catalyses the dismutation of superoxide anion to O2 and H2O2. Several polymorphisms have been found associated with SOD1 gene. Present study has been done to evaluation effects of genetic polymorphism, including SOD1+35A>C polymorphism in senile cataract patients and normal individuals. Materials and Methods: in this case – control study, there are 120 patients with senile cataract and 104 healthy people. We collected 2ml of whole blood in tubes containing EDTA, and then DNA extraction was performed. Polymorphisms were detected by PCR–RFLP technique. Results: The distribution of AA, AC genotypes of SOD1 gene in the patient with senile cataract were 99.2% and 0.8%. Similarly, distribution of AA, AC genotype in the healthy group were 99% and 1%, respectively. The genotype of CC was not seen in none of the patients and control subjects. Conclusion:  No significant differences in the distribution SOD1+35A>C polymorphism was observed between cases and controls. }, Keywords = {Free‌ radical, Stress oxidative, Senile cataract, superoxide dismutase, polymorphism}, volume = {6}, Number = {3}, pages = {219-226}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.6.3.219}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-631-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-631-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Soleimani, Ne}, title = {Molecular Biology of Aminoglycoside and Relationship of Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes with Altering Resistance}, abstract ={The clinical significance of aminoglycosides is due to effect of gram-negative bacteria, staphylococcus aureus and some streptococcus. It is most application in the treatment of infections caused by facultative aerobic gram-negative bacilli. Combination of an aminoglycoside with beta-lactam or glycopeptide has synergistic effect on sensitive bacteria and can be effective in the treatment. Today, some bacteria have multiple resistances to some antibiotics, including aminoglycosides. Acquired resistance to aminoglycosides in Gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria have been reported. Three resistance mechanisms involve a change in the position of the ribosomal binding of drugs, decreasing drug permeability and enzymatic drug inactivation. So, Identification of resistance mechanisms and find new functional groups is important in reducing resistance.}, Keywords = {Aminoglycoside, Antibiotic resistant, Gene}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {227-240}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.29252/aums.6.4.227}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-675-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-675-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {HajiBagherTehrani, Sahba and Nourisepehr, Mohammad and Zarabi, Mansour and Rahimzadeh, Mitr}, title = {Investigation of Cephalexin Absorption Using Pumice from Aqueous Solution and the Effect Common Ions in Water in Removal It}, abstract ={Background: In recent years, has been created many concerns about the entry of antibiotics in aquatic environments. The aim of this study is to Investigation of The effect common ions in water sources to remove cephalexin using absorbent mineral pumice (pumice). Materials and Methods: This study was Foundation – Applied. In the first stage, absorbent properties were determined using techniques (XRD, BET, XRF, FTIR and SEM) before and after absorption And then, in the second stage, Performance of pumice by changing variables such as time, PH, concentration of pumice, concentrations of cephalexin, different concentrations of calcium, magnesium, copper, sulphate, and carbonate were studied. Results: The results showed that pumice has a high efficiency in the absorption of cephalexin from aqueous solutions. For cephalexin, maximum efficiency in the contact time of 150 minutes, PH = 5, adsorbent dose of 5 g/l, concentrations of antibiotics 10 mg/l was observed respectively 44.75% (using raw pumice) and 55.66% (using modified pumice). Conclusion: According to the results obtained with increasing adsorbent dosage and the contact time efficiency increased. When PH and concentrations of cephalexin are increased efficiency is reduced. In this study, the modified pumice with hydrochloric acid in comparison with raw pumice has better efficiency in the absorption of cephalexin. According to the results of this study ions had little effect on the absorption of cephalexin. In this study, adsorption Cephalexin on to pumice follow of Frondlykh isotherm and pseudo-second order.}, Keywords = {Absorption, pumice, cephalexin, cations, anions}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {241-256}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.29252/aums.6.4.241}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-676-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-676-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Dashti-Zadeh, Fatemeh and Mahmoodi, Mohammad Mehdi}, title = {The Effect of Aqueous and Alcoholic Extracts of Thyme, Eucalyptus, Chamomile and Fennel on Virulence Factors of Escherichia Coli, Causative Agent of Urinary Tract Infection}, abstract ={Introduction: Escherichia coli is a gram negative bacilli and the most common cause of urinary tract infection especially in patients admitted to the hospital, the elderly and pregnant women. Nowadays, the excessive use of antibiotics has led to an ever-increasing prevalence of drug-resistant strains, and it seems that the spread of these strains is much faster than the discovery of new drugs. Medicinal herbs are a rich and valuable source of various compounds with antimicrobial properties and can be a good option for solving the problems of using antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of chamomile, thyme, fennel and eucalyptus on some pathogenic factors of Escherichia coli causative agent of urinary tract infection. Materials and Methods: In this study, the Escherichia coli bacterium was isolated from the urine specimen of patients with urinary tract infection and identified by biochemical methods. The effect of different dilutions of plant extracts on motility, hemolysin production and biofilm formation was investigated. MIC and MBC of extracts were investigated using disc diffusion method. Results: The results showed that, the alcoholic extract of thyme in three concentrations of 10, 5 and 2.5 mg/ml can prevent motility of the studied strain. Among the four plants studied, the alcoholic and aqueous extracts of thyme had the most effect in inhibiting the formation of biofilm. Alcoholic extract of thyme at concentration of 218.75 µg/ml and the alcoholic eucalyptus Extract at Concentration of 54.6875 µg/ml had inhibitory effects on the growth of bacterium, also the thyme alcoholic extract at concentration of 3500 μg / ml had bactericidal effect. None of the extracts had an effect on hemolysin production. Conclusion: Considering the inhibitory effect of thyme and eucalyptus alcoholic extracts on bacterial growth and the ability of these extracts to prevent biofilm formation and bacterial motility, these two herbs can be considered as the first choice for the treatment of urinary tract infections.}, Keywords = {Escherichia coli, Urinary tract infection, Thyme extract, Eucalyptus extract, Chamomile extract, Fennel extract}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {257-268}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.29252/aums.6.4.257}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-677-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-677-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Farahani, Malihe}, title = {Antiviral Effect Assay of Thymus Kotschyanus on HSV-1 Multiplication}, abstract ={Background: Nowadays, the treatment of viral diseases such as Herpes simplex virus type 1 with chemical drugs is one challenge of medical knowledge due to the appearance of drug resistance in the virus. So, the need is for new antiviral drugs. In this regard, we can use the medicinal application of plants which has been found in human life lots. In this study, antiviral effect of Thymus kotschyanus plant was investigated on HSV-1 multiplication. Methods: Thymus kotschyanus plant was extracted with decoction method to obtain aqueous extract. This extract was screened for its cytotoxicity on Hep-2 cell line by CPE assay at concentrations 50-1000 μg/ml. Antiviral properties of the plant extract was determined by cytopathic effect inhibition assay at one, two and three hours after inoculation of HSV-1. Results: Thymus kotschyanus plant had not toxic effect at nontoxic concentrations to use. Findings indicated most antiviral effect of plant extract after an hour of virus inoculation that decreased at two and three hours. Conclusion: Thymus kotschyanus extract exhibited very well antiviral effect on HSV-1 at nontoxic concentrations to use. Further research is needed to find effect mechanism of this plant which be used in conformation of antiviral drugs.}, Keywords = {Antiviral, Thymus kotschyanus, HSV-1}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {269-275}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.29252/aums.6.4.269}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-678-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-678-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Farid, Malihe and Tizvir, Afsoon and Fashi, Zahr}, title = {Health Care Status of Residents of the Slum Areas of Karaj 2015}, abstract ={Background: Slum dwelling is the main challenge that developing countries face. Lack of enough knowledge about the distribution of non-communicable disease risk factors, like unhealthy nutrition and mental problem, is one of the characteristics of these areas.  The aim of this study was to assess the health needs of the slum dwellers in term of nutrition and mental health cares and their accessibility to primary health cares. Method: Participants of this descriptive-cross sectional study were 514 married women of three slums of Karaj in 2015. The study was conducted using two-stage cluster sampling. Data was collected through a researcher-made questionnaire to gather socio-demographic information, the perceived mental and nutritional health care needs and the amount of accessibility to primary health cares. Result: 231 (62.4%) and 299 (58.4%) of participants stated the need for nutritional and psychological consultation respectively, but only 26.2% and 24.1% of them had received proper consultation (in order). More than 40% of people with nutritional and mental health consultation needs had used private sectors to satisfy their needs. More than 60% of them found health expert advices effective, moderate and high, and more than 70% of them found themselves in need of more information. Conclusion: The findings indicated that slum dwellers need to get more information and consultation about nutritional and mental health issues. Considering to the slum dwellers needs and their positive attitude toward effectiveness of health care advices, it seems that providing necessary infrastructure to improve these people’s access to the health care is essential to improve the health of them and to reach health justice. }, Keywords = {Slums, Healthcare Acceptability, Mental health, Healthy diet}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {276-282}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.29252/aums.6.4.276}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-679-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-679-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Chaharmahali, Niloofar and AkhavanSepahi, Abass and Awwadi, Mohammad Rez}, title = {Comparison of the Native Bacillus subtillis and Bacillus Megaterium Strains Isolated from Soil in Production of Riboflavin}, abstract ={Background and Objectives: Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) is a water-soluble vitamin and yellow. The aim of this study is to identify ‎strains of Bacillus isolated from soil do with the ability to produce riboflavin by PCR. Materials and Methods: Soil samples was mild randomly during 2 consecutive days the air. Sampling was performed of areas far from the sun ‎and from 3 to 10 cm soil depth. The genus Bacillus were identified to species level ‎using standard methods. Also isolates were approved identified using the PCR method. To study the ‎riboflavin production of synthetic culture media were used and HPLC techniques. Result: PCR using gene 16SrRNA test results showed that 32 strains obtained from a strain of Bacillus subtilis ‎and 10 were 2 strain of Bacillus megaterium. The isolated strains of Bacillus megaterium PTCC 1250 with ‎standard strains were positive of riboflavin production in synthetic medium and HPLC. ‎Conclusions: Bacillus subtilis bacteria living in the soil among the most important role in the production of ‎riboflavin and riboflavin-producing strains to confirm the use of molecular methods is necessary.}, Keywords = {Bacillus species, Riboflavin, 16SrRNA}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {283-290}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.29252/aums.6.4.283}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-680-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-680-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mahvi, Amir Hossein and Keramati, Hassan and Moradi, Bigard and HosseiniPouya, Rokhsane and Fakhri, Yadollah}, title = {Health Risk Assessment Induced by Inhalation Radon Content in the Indoor Air of Decorative Stone of Storehouses}, abstract ={Background: Radon is a colorless, odorless half-life radioactive gas that that can be emission from decorative stones such as granite, marble, etc. inhaling radon gas over a long period may increase in lung cancer among patients. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional-descriptive study, Radon 222 and Thoron concentrations was measured in four Decorative stones of warehouse by Radon meter portable RTM1688-2 model in three stages. In total, 24 concentrations of 24 hours of indoor air and 24 concentrations of 4 hours of Radon 222 and thoron of the background air were measured. Then, effective dose received of Radon 222 and Thoron was calculated by UNSCEAR equations. Results: The mean indoor air radon and background air were 74±37 and 34±16 Bq/m3, respectively. The mean concentration of Radon of indoor air in Decorative stones of warehouses in DSW1, DSW2, DSW3 and DSW4 is 72.50±34, 98.25±43, 34.42±18 and 88.92±51 Bq/m3. The mean effective dose received by the staff from Radon 222 and Thoron at 8 working hours is 0.53±0.18 and 0.05±0.03 mSv/y and in 16 working hours is 1.05±0.36 and 0.11±0.07 mSv/y, respectively. Also, the mean effective dose received by staff from Radon at 8 and 16 working hours is 0.58±0.2 and 1.16±0.41 mSv/y. Conclusions: Mean radon concentration in indoor air and the mean effective dose received by staff is lower than the standards level. Decorative stone of warehouses is the resources accumulation of Radon gas that can be reduced by doing corrective actions. }, Keywords = {Radon 222, Thoron, Effective dose, Decorative stone and warehouses}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {291-298}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.29252/aums.6.4.291}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-681-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-681-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hasanzadeh, Maliheh and Homaee, Fatemeh and Ahmadi, Shahnaz and Zargar, Atieh}, title = {Evaluation of Risk Factors of Non Epithelial Ovarian Cancer}, abstract ={Introduction: Non-epithelial ovarian cancers consist of tumors with germ cell and stroma basis and metastatic ovarian tumors. These tumors consist 10% of ovarian cancers but are more common in our region. In this study our purpose was to have a look at risk factor of these tumors. Methods: We studied 28 patients with non-epithelial ovarian and 84 control cases were also collected from those who came to genecology’s clinic. We evaluated past reproductive history and individual characteristic. Results: In our study age of marriage, the age of first gestational pregnancy, age of last gestational pregnancy, gravidity, parity, rate of abortion, age of menarche, age of menopause and use of contraception tablets and history of cancer in patient and her family between two group of cases and controls were not significant but body mass index showed statistically significant differences (p=0.017) Conclusion: body mass index was a risk factor for this type of cancer.}, Keywords = {Non epithelial ovarian cancer, Ovarian Germ cell tumor, Sex cord stromal tumor, Risk factor}, volume = {6}, Number = {4}, pages = {299-304}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.29252/aums.6.4.299}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-682-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-682-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2017} }