fa رابطه بین حمایت اجتماعی و سلامت عمومی زنان سالمند: کاربرد معادلات ساختاری مرتبه دوم عمومى General پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقدمه:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> با توجه به افزایش روند پیری جمعیت در ایران و جهان، توجه به نیازهای جسمی و روانی افراد سالمند در جامعه ضروری است. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از طرفی با افزایش سن، درصد زنان سالمند در مقایسه با مردان افزایش می&shy;یابد و به دلیل مسائل فرهنگی، اقتصادی - اجتماعی زنان در معرض تبعیض و خشونت بیشتری هستند. </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تأثیر حمایت اجتماعی روی سلامت عمومی با استفاده از مدل معادلات ساختاری مرتبه دوم در زنان بالای 60 سال است. </span></span></span><br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">روش کار:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> این یک مطالعه توصیفی - تحلیلی از نوع همبستگی است که با مراجعه به مراکز بهداشتی و به‌صورت در دسترس از بین مراجعین زن بالای 60 سال به کمک پرسش‌نامه با روش خوداظهاری اطلاعات مورد نیاز جمع آوری گردیده است. &nbsp;داده&shy;ها با استفاده از روش معادلات ساختاری مرتبه دوم و </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نرم‌افزار </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:" tahoma="">PLS</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:" tahoma="">Smart</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفتند</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:" tahoma="">.</span></span></span><br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته‌ها: </span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">میانگین سن (انحراف معیار) شرکت&shy;کنندگان در این مطالعه 68.16 (7.3) بود. تقریباً 75 درصد بی&shy;سواد یا سواد در سطح ابتدایی داشتند. نزدیک به 70 درصد نیز از نظر اقتصادی به طور کامل و یا نسبی به اطرافیان (فرزندان و سایر) وابسته بودند. شاخص برازش مدل نهایی </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:" tahoma="">SRMR)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) 0.063 بود که نشان‌دهنده برازش خوب مدل است. تحصیلات و وضعیت اقتصادی 21.5 درصد از تغییرات حمایت اجتماعی و حمایت اجتماعی 39 درصد از تغییرات سلامت عمومی را تبیین می&shy;کرد.</span></span></span><br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> در مدل ما پیش‌بینی سلامت عمومی توسط حمایت اجتماعی در حد متوسط به بالا است، بنابراین با درنظرگیری عوامل مؤثر بر سلامت عمومی نظیر حمایت اجتماعی می&shy;توان سلامت این افراد را موثرتر ارتقا داد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; font-size:12.0pt; padding:0cm"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Introduction: </span></span></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">As population aging continues to rise </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">globally, addressing</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> the physical and mental needs of the elderly has become </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">critical. With an increasing proportion</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> of older women</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">, they face greater discrimination and violence</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> due to cultural, economic, and social </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">challenges. This </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">study aimed to investigate the impact of social support on general health</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> among women over 60 using</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> second</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">-</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">order Partial Least </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Squares</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> (PLS)</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> structural equation modeling</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; font-size:12.0pt; padding:0cm"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Method: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">A</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> descriptive-analytical correlational study </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">was </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">conducted in healthcare centers</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">, using</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> census sampling</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> among women over 60. Data</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> were analyzed using second-order structural equation modeling and PLS Smart software. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Alborz University of Medical Sciences (IR.Abzums.Rec.1395.52</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">), and</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> informed consent </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">was obtained.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; font-size:12.0pt; padding:0cm"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Findings: </span></span></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">The mean age of participants was 68.16 (SD: 7.3). Approximately 75% had limited education, and 70% were economically dependent on relatives. The model showed a good fit (SRMR = 0.063). Education and economic status explained 21. % of social support variance, which accounted for 39% of general health variance.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; font-size:12.0pt; padding:0cm"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Conclusion: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Social</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> support </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">had a moderate to strong predictive effect on</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> general health</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">. Addressing</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> social support </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">factors </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">can be an effective and cost-efficient </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">strategy</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> to improve the health of elderly </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">women</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> سلامت عمومی, حمایت اجتماعی, زنان سالمند, معادلات ساختاری مرتبه دوم Aging Population, Social Support, General Health, Partial Least Squares, Elderly Women 343 356 http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-354-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mitra Rahimzadeh میترا رحیم زاده rahimi_1351@yahoo.com 100319475328460014198 100319475328460014198 No Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Department. Public Health School, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، گروه آمار زیستی و اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز، کرج، ایران Behrooz Kavehie بهروز کاوه ئی KavehieBehrooz@Yahoo.com 100319475328460014199 100319475328460014199 No Faculty member of National Organization for Educational Testing, Tehran, Iran عضو هیئت علمی سازمان سنجش آموزش عالی کشور، وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فنّاوری، ایران Nooshin Ghavidel نوشین قویدل ngh_med50@yahoo.com 100319475328460014200 100319475328460014200 Yes Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز، کرج، ایران