Alborz University Medical Journal
نشریه علمی پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز
aumj
Medical Sciences
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2025
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اثر تعاملی تمرین تناوبی شدید و مصرف گرده گل بر افسردگی و برخی از انتقال دهنده های عصبی در هایپوکمپ موش های صحرایی در معرض کادمیوم
Interactive effect of high-intensity interval training and pollen consumption on depression and some neurotransmitters in the hippocampus of rats exposed to cadmium
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<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مقدمه: </span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">کادمیوم با ایجاد التهاب و شکستن سد خونی مغزی، </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">آنزیمهای دخیل در سنتز انتقالدهندههای عصبی را مهار و</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">موجب اختلالات رفتاری مانند افسردگی میشود. این تحقیق باهدف</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> اثر تعاملی تمرین تناوبی شدید و مصرف گرده گل بر افسردگی و برخی از انتقالدهندههای عصبی </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">در</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">هایپوکمپ موشهای صحرایی در معرض کادمیوم صورت گرفت.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">روش کار:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">در این مطالعه تجربی </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">25 سر موش صحرایی بطور تصادفی به 5 گروه ،کنترل سالم، کادمیوم، گرده گل، تمرین تناوبی شدید و گرده گل-تمرین تناوبی شدید تقسیم شدند. تمرین تناوبی شدید به مدت 8 هفته3 جلسه در هفته با شدت 80 تا 110% </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">VO2max</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">انجام دادند. روزانه گرده گل (200 میلی گرم حل شده در 2/4 میلیلیتر نرمال سالین) و کادمیوم کلراید (محلول درآب آشامیدنی</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">mg/kg/w/d</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">۴۰)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> به موشها خورانده شد. میزان افسردگی (آزمون شنای اجباری) و مقادیر کادمیوم، سروتو نین و دوپامین مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. برای تحلیل دادهها از آنالیز واریانس دو طرفه و </span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">t</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">مستقل درسطح معناداری 05/0</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> P<span style="color:black"><</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> استفاده شد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">یافتهها: </span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">بر اساس نتایج، </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">اثر </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">تعاملی تمرین تناوبی شدید و گرده گل </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">برای مقادیر سروتونین </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">(504/0=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">P</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">و دوپامین </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">(452/0=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">P</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">افزایش معنادار نداشت. همچنین اثر تعاملی تمرین و گرده گل برای</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"> میزان افسردگی</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">(</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مدتزمان بیحرکتی در شنای اجباری) </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">معنادار نبود (112/0=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">P</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">). اما برای اثر اصلی تمرین (001/0=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">P</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) و گرده گل (001/0=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">P</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">) هر کدام بهتنهایی برای میزان افسردگی افزایش معناداری را نشان داد. </span></span></span><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">نتیجهگیری: </span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">به نظر میرسد<b> </b>تمرین و گرده گل<b> </b>بر روی انتقالدهندههای عصبی تأثیر قابلتوجهی نداشته است. اما احتمالاً تمرین و گرده گل با بهبود پایانههای عصبی آسیبدیده توسط کادمیوم و تحریک سیستم عصبی تا حدودی توانسته موجب کاهش میزان افسردگی در</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">هایپوکمپ موشهای صحرایی در معرض کادمیوم گردد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; font-size:12.0pt; padding:0cm"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Introduction:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> Cadmium exposure induces</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> inflammation and </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">disrupts</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> the blood-brain barrier, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">inhibiting neurotransmitter </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">synthesis and </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">leading to</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> behavioral disorders</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">, including</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> depression. This study </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">examined</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> the </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">combined effects</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> of high-intensity interval training </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">(HIIT) </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">and pollen consumption on depression and </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">neurotransmitter levels </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">in the hippocampus of </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">cadmium-</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">exposed </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">rats</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; font-size:12.0pt; padding:0cm"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> Twenty-five</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> rats were randomly </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">assigned to five</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> groups: control, cadmium, pollen, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">HIIT</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">, and pollen</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">+HIIT. HIIT was </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">performed </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">three times weekly</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> for 8 weeks at 80</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">–</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">110% </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">VO₂</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> max. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Pollen</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> (200 mg</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">/</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">4.2 ml saline) and cadmium chloride (40 mg/kg/</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">day) were administered daily. Depression was assessed via the </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">forced swimming test</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">,</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> and </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">neurotransmitter</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> levels </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">(</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">serotonin, dopamine</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">) and cadmium</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> were measured. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Data were analyzed using two</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">-way </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">ANOVA</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> and t-</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">tests (</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">P</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> < </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">0.05</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">).</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; font-size:12.0pt; padding:0cm"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> The combined effect of HIIT</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> and pollen did not significantly </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">alter</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> serotonin (P</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> = </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">0.504) </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">or</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> dopamine (P</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> = </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">0.452</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">) levels. Depression levels </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">(immobility time</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">) also showed no significant interaction (P = </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">0.112). However, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">HIIT and pollen alone significantly reduced depression (</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">P</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> < </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">0.001</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">).</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Islamic Azad University (IR.IAU.B.REC.1402.115). </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; font-size:12.0pt; padding:0cm"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> While HIIT</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> and pollen did not </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">significantly affect neurotransmitter levels, they</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> may reduce depression in </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">cadmium-</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">exposed </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">rats</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> by </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">mitigating neuronal damage and enhancing</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> nervous system</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"> function</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414">.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#131414"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
کلمات کلیدی: تمرین تناوبی شدید, گرده گل, افسردگی , انتقال دهنده های عصبی, کادمیوم
Cadmium, High-Intensity Interval Training, Depression, Neurotransmitter, Hippocampus
381
392
http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1690-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Aref
Heydari
عارف
حیدری
aref.heydari1994@gmail.com
100319475328460014149
100319475328460014149
No
Department of exercise physiology, Bo. C., Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد بروجرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بروجرد، ایران
Vahid
Valipour Dehnou
وحید
ولی پور ده نو
valipour.v@lu.ac.ir
100319475328460014150
100319475328460014150
Yes
Sports Sciences Department, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی،دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران
Firuz
Sharafi deharham
فیروز
شرفی دهرحم
firuz.sharafi@yahoo.com
100319475328460014151
100319475328460014151
No
Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Khor. C., Islamic Azad Univercity, Khorramabad, Iran
گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد خرم آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خرم آباد، ایران
Mehdi
Roozbahani
مهدی
روز بهانی
mehdi.roozbahani@iau.ac.ir
100319475328460014152
100319475328460014152
No
Departement of Motor Behavior, Bo. C., Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
گروه رفتار حرکتی، واحد بروجرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بروجرد، ایران