Showing 17 results for Medical
L. Payahoo, B. Alipoor, J. Baghdadchi,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (3-2012)
Abstract
Background: Cancer is chronic disease that its prevalence is growing in recent years. Genetics and environmental factors such as energy balance and nutritional habits are involved in its incidence. The nutrition plays an important role in prevention and incidence of cancer due to protective and harmful factors, respectively. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of medical sciences students regarding the role of nutrition in prevention or incidence of cancer in Tabriz University. Methods: This Cross- sectional study conducted on 565 (219 male and 346 Female) senior students of medical sciences. A self-administered questionnaire with two part completed by students. the one was about the demographic characteristics (age, gender, course, level of education, passing nutrition unit through the school and source of nutritional information) and the other one with 22 closed and open questions was about nutritional knowledge. Data analyzed by using descriptive statistics and presented as frequency and percent. Assessment of relationship between nutritional knowledge and demographic variable were used the Pearson correlation and ANOVA. Results: About 13% of students had low level of nutritional knowledge and 41% and 45.6% had acceptable and high level of knowledge, respectively. Relationship between course, level of education, passing nutrition unit through the school and source of nutritional information of students with nutritional knowledge were statistically significant and with age and gender were no statistically significant relationship. Conclusion: Nutritional factors had important role in incidence of cancer and individual knowledge in this regard is important. In our study, medical knowledge of students, as future provider of health information hadn´t adequate level, so using of efficient co-educational materials for increasing their knowledge may be beneficial.
1 N. Kholdi, 2 A. Pirasteh, 3 F. Zayeri, 4 F. Jafari, 5 N. Bastani,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background and Objective: In spite of the reverse relationship between Dairy products consumption and chronic diseases, the university students do not consume enough amounts of dairy products. Success interventions for changing dairy consumption patterns need to determine its stages of change. Determining medical students’ readiness to change the dairy consumption pattern through stages of change was the aim of this study. Methods: For this descriptive analytical cross-sectional study, 404 medical students were selected by random clustered sampling. The food frequency and stages of change questionnaires were used to get data. The relationship between age, sex, body mass index, settlement situation, marriage situation and educational STATUS with dairy consumption stages of change were analyzed by chi-2, Kruskal-wallis, Spearman correlation and logistic regression. Results: Less than 50% of students (40% females and 46% males) consumed enough servings of dairy products daily. The servings of dairy consumption had not relation with sex, marriage or settlement status, age and body mass index. The least number of students (12.6%) were in precontemplation and 26% in contemplation, 18.8% in preparation, and 24.8 and 17.8% in action and maintenance stages. While there was relationship between educational status and stages of change, such a relation had not been found between other variables and stages of change. The percent of internship students in action and maintenance stages were greater than students in medical basic sciences (OR=1.7). Conclusion: Regards to students’ inadequate amount and inappropriate kind of dairy products consumption and readiness to change dairy consumption in about half of students, it seems necessary to apply appropriate intervention strategies on the basis of stages of change to correct dairy consumption patterns.
1 S. Amiri, 2 M. Hajfiroozabadi, 3 T. Bahrami Babaheidari, 4 L. Sadati,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Quality of life is a concept beyond the physical health. It is an important index in health research that its independent quantification as an important outcome is essential. Work environment consists of physical, mental and social stimuli and each of these factors can cause stress. These stresses and pressures have inappropriate effects on physical–emotional welfare, health and its function. Therefore, this study was performed on the Faculty of Medicine of Karaj staffs in 1390 to investigate their quality of life and the governing factors. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive and sectional study, a group of 100 of Faculty of Medicine and of Alborz University of Medical Sciences employees were participated. Sampling was done as census. Data collection was performed by means of the questionnaire of standard of quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) and the questionnaire of demographic information collected. Results: The results show that 51 percent of the employees have reported their quality of life in the average range and 6% in poor range. Furthermore, in the physical aspect of quality of life, 34% of the results are good, 59% moderate and the remaining 7% are poor. Likewise, in the quality of life from psychological aspect, 33% of the results are good, 64 percent moderate, and only 3% are poor. The data for the social relationships aspect are 28% good, 59% moderate, and 13% poor. Finally, in the quality of life from environmental health aspect, 36% of the staffs reported good, 55% moderate, and 9% poor condition. Pearson’s test results show that there is a meaningful correlation between the quality of life and the lower number of children, and also increasing years of service (P=0.00). However, the quality of life does not show any significant relationship with age and income. ANOVA test results indicate that there is a significant relationship between quality of life and the type of employment (P=0.017). Conclusion: Quality of life for the majority of the staffs is average and the factors such as number of children, years of service and earnings type of employment is affected on quality of life.
H. Avary, Gh.a. Najafi Parizi, K. Kabir, L. Sadati, M. Kohan, M. Rahimzadeh Kivi,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (8-2015)
Abstract
Back ground: Academic achievement is influenced by several factors. these factors would seem to be necessary to achievement process and objectives. This study assessment factors affecting students academic achievement in the Alborz medical sciences School of Allied Medical Sciences in 2013-2014. Methods: This study is a cross- sectional analysis. 188 students participated with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The researcher made questionnaire and (GHQ-28) was used. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-16 software. Chi Square, Fisher ,Exact Independent t-tests and ANOVA, analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the data. Result: Of the 188 samples, 71 students were male (37.8%) and 117 females (62.2%), 91 students were studying Anesthesiology (48.4 %)and the others Operating room and 162 students were studying bachelor(86.2%) and the others were undergraduate batch(13.8%). The mean age was 22.45(7.56). The mean grade point average was 17/21(1.28).students were in good health(46.21%), average general health (42.35%) and low health (9.44%).Average score for the mental health of students participating in study were 22.00(10.31). Age, education, economic satisfaction, friends and classmates Cleans Regular attendance in practical courses were reported as the most influential factors. Conclusion: Many factor have influenced on the academic achievement. Detect these factors can help in the improvement of trend of academic purpose.
M. Hajfiroozabadi, S. Amiri, T. Bahrami Babaheydari, S. Khoshkesht,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (12-2016)
Abstract
Background: Adolescence is an inevitable stage of mankind development that has paid attention because of its special sensation. Adolescence is an appropriate time to forming Identity (sense and concept of himself) that mix the individual's history and necessary capabilities for psychological health in adulthood. One of the serious dangers in this stage is adolescence tendency to the drug and substance abuse, and is one of the most prevalent disorders in youth and adolescence stage. The objective of this research is the survey on the relation between Identity styles and tendency to substance abuse among male medical university students.
Methods & Materials: This research is a sectional- type correlation study that has operated on the 339 persons of male, students that were educate in Alborz University of medical science. two standardized identification styles (ISI=G6) and questionnaire of recognizing risk exposed people, has used. Data collection operated by researcher in a stage and then data analyzed by using descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequency and standard deviation) and inference statistics (χ2 test, regression) in SPSS 18 edition.
Results: The results that obtained from analyzing data show that 35.8 percent of students have informational Identity style, and 27.4 percent have normative style and 36.8 percent have Diffuse/ avoidant style. 47.3% of students have tendency toward substance abuse And also χ2 test show that there is a significant relation between tendency to substance abuse and positive addiction history in family
Conclusion: There is a significant relation between Identity styles and tendency to substance abuse (P=0.001).
Parvaneh Karimpour Azar, Sudabeh Shapouri, Hajar Zarei, Ahmad Saeedi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background& Objective: The impact of information technologies in improving the training process and enabling the faculty members in various fields of teaching and researching courses more investigation of widespread mission and targets of universities and upper-levelled training centres. The actual research tends to examine the relationship between the use of information technology and the psychological enabling of faculty members of Alborz Medical University.
Methods: This research is a practical study from descriptive-measuring type and includes a statistical community of 118 individuals of faculty members of Alborz university of medical sciences in 2018. The information accumulating means included a standardized questionnaire of the psychological enabling and also an entitled questionnaire of the use of information technology. All the accounts were scored based on the Likert measurement, and based on the variants evaluation level, the questions and the hypotheses of the research have applied the Pierson’s Test of coherence factor. In order to analyse and examine the data, the software package of SPSS, version 22 was used.
Results: The results demonstrated that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between the use of information technology and the psychological enabling of the faculty members of Alborz medical university. Meanwhile, there was a meaningful relationship between the factors of information technology use (curriculum edition- taking the proper teaching method –applying the various evaluation methods –active consultation and guidance in teaching) and the psychological enabling.
Conclusion: Based on the significance of enabling the teachers and improving and advancing the quality of training, the information technology can influence and improve the fundamental skills of training quality and it can cause elevation within a widespread atmosphere.
Zahra Esmaeili Abdar, Alireza Amirkabiri, Farideh Haghshenas Kashani, Mohammadreza Rabiee Mandejin,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (9-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: The development of medical research in recent decades has shown the need for the rule of moral values and the institutionalization of human principles in scientific-research centers. Existence of deviations and abuses in the research path has led to the establishment of ethical laws and close supervision. The purpose of this study is reviewing the factors affecting ethics in medical research.
Methods: Methods: The present study was conducted by the literature searching in Persian and English languages in the electronic databases including; Google scholars, SID, Magiran and PubMed, with 2006 to 2019 date limitation. The search keywords of "ethics", "medical sciences", "personal factors" and "environmental factors" were used for searching mentioned databases.
Results: The literature reviews indicated that the factors affecting the observance of research ethics have reported in two general axes of individual factors and environmental factors. The researcher's ignorance of the norms and rules of research ethics, convenience and rapid achievement of results, religious beliefs, researcher personality and attitude, researcher conscience, tendency to earn a degree, economic problems, time limitations, and Being influenced by the environment and others are Internal factors that affected on the rate and regard of research ethics. External factors such as lack of time, financial and economic pressures, forcing students to submit scientific papers, Lack of cooperation between students and professors, worries about job finding in future or employment conditions losing, competitive atmosphere among students to Raise their resume, Professors' role and impact on students' behavior, and competitive atmosphere creating that affect research ethics.
Conclusion: According to the reviewed studies, the current state of research ethics is far from ideal. It is needed serious action and fundamental changes in supervisor and policy-making to bridge this gap.
Abdoreza Javan Jafai Bojnordi , Alireza Moshirahmadi, Mahnaz Asrari,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (8-2022)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Addressing the issue of liability in the field of medical topics that are complex, and functional. In this writing was attempts to consider cases dealing with medical negligence and violations, we try to analyse those faults and violations which give rise to non-responsibility of physicians.
Materials & Methods: This is an functional study descriptive method of analysis which their data are collected through documentary studies.
Findings:In all cases, that an unexpected or undesirable result occur for patient, there could be a case against doctors, but they are not necessary caused by their fault basically, after the opening of such cases obtaining experts opinions is necessary. Forensics is the most important authority in this area. The existing arguments in medical cases show that if the resulted harm can not be attributed to the doctors or the chain of causation is broken, there is no responsibility.
Conclusion:The contemplation of the comment that are recorded in medical malpractice cases reveals that following scientific procedures, nature of disease, lack of causality between physicians maltreatment and patients fault are the most important factors that lead to their authentication. So, first of all, observance of scientific standards and the use of reasonable and diligent efforts can be effective in removing the responsibility of the physician. Based on this criterion, to the extent that the physician is familiar with the science of the day, he has not committed a fault, he has sufficient accuracy in diagnosing the disease, and chooses the appropriate treatment according to the patient's conditions, for his lack of responsibility. In the second place, some factors can be considered as external factors or Cairo, which are beyond the control of the owners of medical matters and they do not interfere with the realization or occurrence. Therefore, if a complication is unpredictable and preventive or corrective, it will be decisive.
Sahand Shahalinejad, Atefeh Bahador, Ali Niapour,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (11-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Noise reduction in medical images is important. Excessive distortion in medical images reduces the accuracy of diagnosis of various diseases or structures. Violet conversion and filtering are among the most widely used methods for reducing noise in medical images. The aim of this study was to compare noise reduction using filtration (low-pass, mid-pass, and high-pass filters) as well as violet conversion from MRI images.
Methods: In this study, using MATLAB software, noisy MRI data were entered into the program environment and each of the proposed algorithms including filtering (low-pass, mid-pass, and high-pass filters) as well as violet conversion were implemented separately on images. And the ideal output was obtained due to the nature of the noise.
Results: The results obtained from the proposed violet and filtering methods were compared and analyzed. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of all filters used and the violet conversion displayed a value above 30 dB. Violet conversion for selected images has a higher SNR value, and in some images, this difference is more than 40 dB. According to the images and relative PSNR values, among all the studied methods, the best dehumidification is when the CWT method was used. In this case, the PSNR is high and there is the most similarity between the degenerate image and the original image.
Sahand Shahalinejad, Atefeh Bahadori, Ali Niapour,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (11-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Identifying and demarcating the masses and diagnosing the disease in breast tissue is a serious challenge in diagnosing this cancer. Mammography is currently the most common method to diagnose breast cancer, in which incorrectly identifying the masses can lead to misdiagnosis or sampling of breast tissue. In this study, using feature extraction in medical image processing, we tried to make a diagnosis with better accuracy than in the past.
Materials and Methods: Mammographic image features were extracted using the Harris feature extraction algorithm. Mammographic images were analyzed using Matlab2019a software and ideal outputs were obtained.
Findings: Mammographic images were pre-processed and Harris algorithm was applied. In the output of the proposed algorithm, the accuracy and speed of detection of the algorithm were higher in comparison to other routine methods.
Conclusion: The purpose of extracting the Harris property is to make the raw data more usable for future statistical processing. it is expected that in the future, feature extraction will be more accurate, and more details will be provided to the machine vision systems to identify objects in the image.
Hossein Rostami, Saeed Abesy, Hassan Alvadari, Touraj Hassanzadeh Samarin,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background and objectives: All organizations and companies, whether commercial or administrative, are created by the thoughts and ideas of individuals. Visionary organization, by imagining what the future demands and the role that the organization should play in the future, should be one step ahead of their competitors. Therefore, our goal in this study is to achieve a comprehensive model for Alborz University of Medical Sciences with the approach of a visionary organization.
Methods: This research has been done in a sequential mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) in two stages. In the first stage, to identify the factors of the model of visionary organization, the data theorizing method of the foundation was used. The interviewees were 10 senior managers of Alborz University of Medical Sciences who were interviewed according to the theoretical saturation rule. In the second stage, Delphi method was used to determine the importance of indicators.
Results: In this study, 72 indicators were identified through axial coding that according to causal conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences were developed and the final model was presented. The Delphi method was used to determine the priority of the factors affecting capacity building for the visionary organization and the importance of the strategies found in the interview. Core values, visionary leadership, network structure, coaching, meritocracy, knowledge-based, religious culture, commitment and risk-taking, fearless goals and empowerment were of paramount importance in creating a visionary organization.
Conclusion: Awareness of the indicators of the visionary organization, and in particular the University of Medical Sciences, helps managers, employees and researchers in the optimal understanding of the visionary organization in order to promote productivity.
Siamak Amiri, Tooran Bahrami Babaheidari, Marjan Hajfiroozabadi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Self-esteem is one of the essential components in maintaining mental and physical health. Individuals who have positive self-esteem are more flexible and able to accept their strengths and weaknesses. The results of studies have shown that increasing self-esteem leads to increased self-confidence and efficiency in students. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between different dimensions of self-esteem and academic performance in students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences.
Method: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted among 704 students of Alborz University of Medical Sciences in 2020. Data were collected using Cooper Smith's standard self-esteem questionnaire and demographic characteristics questionnaire. The samples were selected randomly and classified according to the number of students in each field. Students' academic performance was obtained using the cumulative grade point average of the past semesters by self-report method. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation tests and multivariate linear regression.
Results: The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of self-esteem in the general dimension was 18.24 (4.1), in the social dimension was 5.03 (1.79), in the family dimension was 5.7 (2.15), and in the academic dimension was 5.65 (1.67). Also, there was a significant correlation between academic performance and self-esteem in the general dimension (p < 0.01, r=0.12), social dimension (p < 0.01, r=0.14), family dimension (p < 0.01, r=0.20), and academic dimension (p < 0.01, r=0.34). Multiple linear regression results showed that the academic self-esteem dimension had the greatest effect on academic performance, so with other variables constant, on average, with an increase of one unit in academic self-esteem score, academic performance would increase by 37%.
Conclusion: The highest correlation between academic self-esteem and academic performance was observed. It is recommended that instructors pay more attention to this dimension of self-esteem in students in order to improve academic performance in classroom and clinical environments.
Roohollah Askari, Milad Shafii, Mahla Amini, Marziyeh Najafi, Farimah Shamsi, Behrooz Pouragha,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background: Examining the rate of leaving with discharge against medical advice (DAMA) despite not completing the treatment process is one of the ways to be aware of patients' satisfaction with the environment and treatment system. Therefore, the study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting emergency department (ED) discharge with personal responsibility of the patient in selected hospitals of Alborz University of Medical Sciences in 2021.
Methods: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2021 in the emergency department of selected hospitals affiliated by Alborz University of Medical Sciences. The sample size included 200 patients leaving ED with personal consent by stratified random method. Data were created by a researcher checklist using descriptive statistics and SPSS24.
Results: The most identified reasons for DAMA from the emergency room of the studied hospitals were educational (50%) and attitudinal-emotional (30%); and the least reasons were related to equipment, physical environment and amenities (12%) and Emergency procedures (7%).
Conclusion: DAMA can have many undesirable and sometimes irreversible consequences for them, such as death and infection. Planning for training medical students and scheduling the presence of residents and interns in the ED to prevent overcrowding in this department, as well as identifying factors affecting the patient's attitude and feelings, including explaining the treatment process, are recommended.
Maryam Aghabarary, Mahsa Khedmatizare, Ali Esmaeili, Iman Shirinbak, Roohangiz Norouzinia,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (8-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Lack of necessary awareness and misdiagnosis can have serious consequences in dental emergencies, potentially causing irreparable harm to the patient's health. This study aimed to assess dental students' knowledge at Alborz University of Medical Sciences regarding medical emergencies in 2019.
Materials and Methods:This descriptive, cross-sectional study included all dental students from the 6th to 12th semesters at Alborz University of Medical Sciences (100 students) using a census method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire consisting of three sections: demographic information, the necessity and sufficiency of learning about medical emergencies, and dental students' knowledge of medical emergencies. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21 and descriptive and analytical statistics at a significance level of P < 0.05.
Results:Out of 100 students, 90 completed the questionnaire. The mean knowledge score of the students was 9.63 ± 2.73, with the highest score being 15. 71.1% of participants agreed that the method of teaching medical emergencies should be changed. Additionally, 86.7% of the students felt the need for retraining in emergencies and how to handle them. There was a statistically significant difference between knowledge scores and the academic semester (P =0.01) and the history of attending cardiopulmonary resuscitation workshops (P = 0.03).
Conclusion:The knowledge of Alborz University of Medical Sciences dental students regarding medical emergencies was poor and unsatisfactory. The findings of this study, consistent with the results of other studies, highlight the necessity of reviewing and revising the curriculum related to medical emergencies in dentistry.
Roohangiz Norouzinia, Karim Shyasi, Mahsa Khedmatizare, Pardis Rahmatpour,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (11-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Patient safety is crucial for effective healthcare delivery, and operating rooms (ORs) are among the most hazardous environments in hospitals. Identifying factors that contribute to errors and barriers to reporting them is essential. This study aimed to design and evaluate the psychometric properties of scales measuring factors influencing error occurrence and barriers to error reporting in the OR, as perceived by operating room and anesthesia students in 2022.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 2022 with 270 operating room and anesthesia students from Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Two scales were developed: one for “factors affecting the occurrence of errors” and another for “barriers to error reporting,” informed by literature review and expert panel insights. The scales underwent evaluation for face, content, and construct validity, as well as reliability assessment.
Results: Following revisions for face validity, the content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) for all items exceeded 0.62 and 0.7, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four factors for the error occurrence scale: individual factors (8 items), educational-skill factors (6 items), environmental factors (4 items), and managerial factors (4 items). Cronbach's alpha values ranged from 0.79 to 0.90, and McDonald's omega values from 0.7 to 0.87. For the error reporting scale, three factors emerged: legal consequences (11 items), management factors (4 items), and reporting process (4 items). Cronbach's alpha for these factors ranged from 0.86 to 0.95, and McDonald's omega from 0.7 to 0.89.
Conclusion: The developed scales demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability, making them suitable for assessing the factors influencing errors and reporting barriers in ORs from the perspective of operating room and anesthesia students. Addressing these factors can enable educational and medical managers to implement effective strategies to enhance patient safety by reducing errors and improving the reporting process in hospital ORs.
Mohammad Abid, Nezam Armand, Mohammad Ejtehadi, Fahima Taheri,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (12-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Health tourism, as a significant branch of the tourism industry, has gained substantial attention from numerous countries in recent years. This industry not only contributes to economic development and job creation but also improves access to quality healthcare services. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, despite possessing considerable capabilities in various medical and therapeutic fields, health tourism has not received the dedicated attention of lawmakers, and there is a lack of specific legislative frameworks in this area.
Methods: This study utilizes descriptive and analytical research methods to analyze the status of health tourism within the legal framework of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Content analysis was employed to extract and review relevant high-level documents and regulations pertaining to health tourism. The study commenced with the collection of legal documents and regulations related to health tourism, followed by a comprehensive content analysis of these resources to assess the extent to which existing laws support health tourists.
Results: The findings reveal that health tourism has not been explicitly addressed in Iran's legal system. While the term "health tourism" is not directly mentioned in the laws, it is possible to provide legal protections for health tourists by referencing general principles and legal norms. Additionally, this study examines the economic implications of health tourism, including its impact on job creation and revenue generation.
Conclusion: The study concludes that for the successful development of the health tourism industry in Iran, it is essential to reinforce the legal infrastructure and establish specific legal protections. It is recommended that laws and regulations be formulated explicitly to anticipate and provide the necessary support for health tourists, ensuring their legal security as travelers in this sector.
Maryam Pishbahar, Mehrdad Hosseini-Shakib, Mitra Montazerlotf,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (5-2025)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Considering the increasing role of the employer's brand in attracting and maintaining human resources, especially in the health services sector, this research was conducted to provide a comprehensive model of employer branding in medical diagnosis laboratories of Alborz Province.
Methods: This research is applied research that was conducted using a mixed method (qualitative-quantitative). In the qualitative part, by studying previous articles and documents and then interviewing 10 subject experts using the method of thematic analysis, indicators were identified, and after open, central, and selective coding and using MAXQDA software, a qualitative model was extracted. In the quantitative part of modeling "Structural" equations and confirmatory factor analysis, SPSS 22 and Smart PLS software were used to test the model.
Results: The results showed that six dimensions play a more effective role in explaining the comprehensive employer branding pattern in medical diagnostic laboratories in Alborz province: psychological, motivational, and social values, culture and work environment, economic factor, laboratory brand strength, internal consequences of employer branding, and external consequences of employer branding.
Conclusion: Considering that, based on the factor loading, the most important indicator was laboratory structure, which is a subgroup of the culture and work environment component. To improve the performance of the laboratories, it is suggested to pay more attention to the design of the work unit structure of the laboratories, the flexible division of work in the laboratory, and the explanation of the specific objectives of the laboratory.
Keywords: Employer Branding, Laboratories Medical, Alborz Province
