1 F. Jafari, 2 F. Azami,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2013)
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. In Iran, breast cancer ranks first among cancers diagnosed in women. Nevertheless, many of women haven’t enough knowledge about breast cancer risk factors and symptoms. The main reason for this escalating mortality is lack of awareness and late diagnosis of disease. The aim of present study assessed the knowledge about risk factors and symptoms of breast cancer, also the screening method and practice (Breast self examination) about it. Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. In this study 340 red crescent volunteer women participated in a national congress were selected with convenience sampling method. The data collection instrument consisted of a three part questionnaire which included demographic factors, Knowledge level about risk factors, symptoms and screening methods of breast cancer and questions concerning practice about breast self examination (BSE).The study tool was a researcher-designed questionnaire which could evaluated a number of variables. After data collection, analysis was carried out with descriptive tests by SPSS.16 software. Results: The mean age of subjects was 23±2.1yrs. Knowledge about breast cancer risk factors was very poor, the most widely known risk factor and lowest among the participants was family history of breast cancer (30.6 %) and early menarche (under 12 years) (0.3%) respectively. Only 47.9% respondents correctly recognized breast lump and 11.2% breast discharge as the most common symptoms of breast cancer.30% of subjects were aware of BSE. However, a lesser proportion (9.4%) was done BSE regular monthly every few months. Conclusion: Regarding the low level of the women’s knowledge about breast cancer especially in young educated women, screening and interventional programs to improve awareness and practice is essential.
1 S. Mahdizadeh, 2 A. Ghoddoosi, 3 S.a. S. A. Naji,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2013)
Abstract
Background: Addiction is one of the social bad phenomenon and because of family is the most vulnerable of social institution against to the adverse effects of addiction and due to head of family with drug addicts cannot perform his role as husband and father, important role of women in such families is double. Due to this group of women are the most vulnerable community groups and are at risk of serious damage to the system of family, present study describes the structure and nature of psychological problems who addict to heroin and deep understanding of the overall psychological problems. Methods: In this research was used from qualitative approaches (phenomenology). Sampling method is based on object and has been continued until data saturation. Participants were the wives of men who have been addicted to heroin .The women refer to Eynolhayat club - treatment center of addiction- in Khoy city during this research. Results: The extracted interviews were analyzed. Concepts of internal stresses associated with six subconcepts that were identified are as follow: shy, uncertain future, frustration, guard less, concern and confusion. Conclusion: This study suggests that the wives of men who addicted to heroin experience a range of psychological problems in various aspects of their life. They need psychological support and use from counseling of psychologists when faced with psychological problems. Because the women have an important role in shaping the family system, the practitioners with adequate knowledge of their spouse problems in relation to addiction husbands must support them. We can use from findings of this study to educate and raise awareness level of some organization (especially the anti-drug organization) and the nature of addiction to rise possibility comply with human psychosis problems and better support from them.
1 S. Arabi, 2 E. Danesh, 3 A.r. Kakavand, 4 A.r. Saliminia, 5 M. Amirghafari,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2013)
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the group program "parent management training" to reduce the symptoms of external disorders of children affected by attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: The method was semi-experimental design with pretest, posttest, control group, and follow-up was two months. Statistical population were all parents of children with ADHD in the Alborz province, who had referred from 2010 to clinic of childhood and adolescence disorders’ Dr. Maryam Dalili, and had records there. Among them 30 children aged 3-10 and their parents were selected by sampling and matched with regard to research criteria and were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. Research tool was Rutter`s behavioral assessment questionnaire 1964 that was performed in both groups in pretest, posttest and follow-up. The Management training program for parents of Barkely 1987, included 9 session one-hour, once a week was presented to parents of experimental group, and the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed by using one-way intra group covariance analysis. Results: Results showed that parents management training significantly has reduced the behavioral disorders symptoms and external signs including aggression, impulsivity, hyperactivity and anxiety in children with ADHA compared with the control group and pretest stage. Conclusion: Parent management training can be an effective method to treat the external symptoms of children with ADHA, and this method can be used in combination with other treatments that are performed about these children, such as drug therapy, behavioral therapy and so on.
1 Z. Rahmani, 2 M. Gholami, 3 A. Khoshnevis Zadeh, 4 R. Rezayee Kalantari,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2013)
Abstract
Background: Groundwater is often withdrawn for agricultural, municipal and industrial use by constructing and operating extraction wells. Nowadays, The need for clean water is increasing due to population growth and accelerated industrialization. From the viewpoint of WHO, approximately 80% of all human diseases caused by water. Groundwater can be a safe water for many communities and for this reason may be polluted by many ways. Therefore, it seems essential the protection and monitoring of them. The main object of this study was investigation the quality of Buin Zahra drinking water resources using GWQI. Methods: The current study was developed based on multivariate analysis to determine a groundwater quality index (GWQI) with using 9 GWQI parameters with the aim of monitoring the buin Zahra city. Sampling was carried out from seven city (Ardaq, Avaj, Buin Zahra, Shaal, Abgarm, Segzabad and Dansfhan) and representative wells that had the highest discharge. These water resources were monitored seasonally for a period of six month (between May to September). Results: The proportion of observed concentrations to the maximum allowable concentration is calculated as normalized value of each parameter in observing wells. Final indices for each well are calculated considering weight of each parameter. The measurement of parameters were experimented as a duplicate. The results showed that the lower levels of fluoride and higher values of parameters such as turbidity, total hardness, and magnesium in the selected wells that also higher than maximum contamination level for drinking purposes, with considering the rate of groundwater quality index. Conclusion: In terms of GWQI, the quality index of Ardaq, Buin Zahra, Shaal, Segzabad and Dansfhan wells were good, on the other hand. water quality in Avaj and Abgarm wells were in very good condition.
1 M. Moamen Heravi, 2 H. Afzali, 3 R. Razaghi, 4 Z. Vakili,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2013)
Abstract
Background: Drug injection is one of the most important risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and viral hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The present study was performed to evaluate the seroprevalence of HBV and HIV infection among injecting drug users (IDUs) and to identify the related risk factors for these infections in this group. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on three hundred IDUs coming to MMT, DIC and behavior counseling centers in kashan in 2009. questionnaires consisting of demographic information and related risk factors of HBV, HIV infection were filled through interviews. After taking consent , 5 cc blood were obtained. HBV and HIV infection using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) were examined HIV positive cases were confirmed by western blot. Data analyzed using Spss (version 16). and K square and fisher exat test. Results: 288(96%) out of 300 IDUs, were male and 12(4%)were female. The majority of IDUs 127(42. 3%) were in 30-39 age group with mean age 34. 9±9. 7. (Min:17,Max 68). The majority of IDUs 224(74. 7%) had more than 10 years history of addiction .The age range of onset addiction was 15-20 year in the most of cases 134(44. 7%). The prevalence of HIV was 7(2. 3%), and HBsAg+2(0. 7%). There was no coinfection HIV and HBV. Conclusion: According to High risk behaviors in IDUs and identified HIV cases among them, periodic screening of IDU, HBV vaccination and treatment of addiction and development of MMT centers to prevent of these infections is recommended.
1 N. Mahmoodi, 2 Kh. Zareii, 3 P. Mohagheghi, 4 M. Eimani, 5 M. Rezaei-Pour,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2013)
Abstract
Background: Low birth weight is the most important cause of mortality in infancy which occurs due to the several reasons including the birth of a preterm (premature) baby. These infants need to be in hospital due to the undeveloped respiratory and digestive systems and coordination between different systems. Long stay in the hospital can be associated with complications and high cost of treatment, therefore, treatments that reduce the duration of stay in hospital can help the patient and the healthcare system. Methods: This study was conducted as clinical trial study through selecting both control and intervention groups. In this study, 20 cases (infants) were assigned to each group and intervention was performed using the PIOMI method. Results: The mean duration of stay in hospital in the both control and intervention groups were 19.4 (days) and 16.5 (days) respectively which showed a significant difference (P=0.027). results and Conclusion: Oral motor stimulation using PIOMI method is an effective help in earlier start of oral feeding, and reduction in the duration of stay in hospital. Therefore, this method can help the treatment of preterm infants and lower health care costs.
1 M.h. Dehghani, 2 Z. Norozi, 3 E. Nikfar, 4 M. Vosoghi, 5 V. Oskoei,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2013)
Abstract
Background: Textile and dying industries are considered most important industries of each country. In these industries due to the use of different colors in different processes, their wastewater is highly colored and must be treated before discharge to the environment. The objective of this study was Investigation of nano alumina efficiency for removal of Acid Red 18 dye from aqueous solutions. Methods: This study was carried out in the laboratory scales. Synthetic solution was made from Acid Red 18 dye stock and effect of different parameters such as dye concentration, pH solution, nano alumina concentration and contact time on dye removal efficiency were evaluated. Also kinetic and isotherm models of adsorption process were evaluated. Results: Results from experiments showed that dye removal was increased with increasing contact time and nano alumina powder concentration, while decreased with increasing of pH and dye concentration. Experimental data were best fitted to Longmuir isotherm model (r2=0.994). The maximum adsorption capacity for Acid Red 18 was found 83.33 mg g-1. The results from kinetic studies showed that removal of Acid Red 18 was best described by pseudo-second order kinetic model (r2=0.999). Conclusion: The present study shows nano alumina powder is promising adsorbent for removal of Acid Red 18 from aqueous solution.
1 F. Shoshtarizadeh, 2 F. Bahramian, 3 A.a. Safari, 4 M. Pourghaderi, 5 H. Barati,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2013)
Abstract
Background: Body builder athletes’ high attention to form of body can result in high prevalence of nutritional disorders and habit to energizer drugs consumption. With notice to abuse problems of these drugs, this research was carried out to estimate prevalence of energizer drugs and supplements consumption in Karaj body builder men in 2011. Method: In cross-sectional (description- analytical) research 780 Karaj body builder men were selected randomly. Data were collected through interview with questionnaires containing demographic questions and using information of drugs. Data were analyzed with SPSS software (Ver. 19) and κ² test with meaningful level of P<0.05. Result: Prevalence of consumption in studied sample from different types of supplements and energizer drugs was estimated 88.2%. The most consumption prevalence belonged to food supplements and vitamins group and combination of those (69.9%). About anabolic and energizer compounds and also hormonal drugs and corticosteroids, prevalence was 5.6% and 2.1% respectively and 7.7% totally. There was meaningful relation between experience times of abuse problems, place of drug and supplement supply and attention to being permissible or impermissible of those items with type of drugs or supplement (P = 0.001). Also relation between consumption of supplements and drugs with main goal in using them was meaningful (P = 0.045). Conclusion: Consumption of supplement and energizer drugs in Karaj body builder men has high prevalence.
1 G. Azizi, 2 M. Nasiri, 3 R. Sadria, 4 Mh. Javanbakht, 5 M. Kalvandi, 6 N Khannazer, 7 B. Asghari,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic gastritis that is related to duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, and possibly gastric adenocarcinoma. Noninvasive diagnostic tests consist of the urea breath test, serology, and stool antigen testing. Serodiagnosis of H.pylori infection is inaccurate for children. In order to investigate the immune response to H.pylori in children and adult, we compared anti-H pylori IgG and IgA antibodies with H. pylori antigen (HpSA) in the stool. Methods: Serum and stool samples were obtained from 218 children and adult patients with clinical symptom in the range of 4 to 77 years old. Paired results of H. pylori serology (IgG and IgA) and HpSA were analyzed by enzyme immunoassay methods. Results: There were 218 paired serology and HpSA results for 39 children (≤17 years) and 179 adult (≥18 years). The positivity rate of HpSA (45.8%) was significantly lower (P<0.001) than those for H. pylori IgG (54.6%) and IgA (28.9%). Moreover in child patients specificity for serological test IgG and IgA were higher than adult. Conclusion: In this study, HpSA was sensitive and specific as a clinical and epidemiological tool to evaluate H. pylori infection. IgG correlated better with HpSA than IgA, and also IgG was much more specific in children than adults confirm the fact that adults are more possible to have been exposed to H. pylori in the past. Using HpSA as the gold standard, we found that the performances of IgG and IgA serology tests differ significantly by age because immature immune response or tolerance to H. pylori is present in childhood and serodiagnosis of H. pylori infection is less useful. Hence, we recommend that laboratories reevaluate reference serologic titers based on age and further clinical correlation is needed to establish the optimal ranges.
1 K. Tavakkoli Tabassi, 2 Sh. Mohammadi, 3 A. Madani,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background: Urolithiasis is one of the most frequent diseases of urinary system which forms high percentage of patients who come to Urology wards. Therefore, study of epidemiological characteristics of patients of each ward can be helpful for making the best general decision. Methods: First, we devided 5133 cases who had come to Urology department of imam Reza hospital of mashhad during 2005-2008, in 2 groups and then in 6 groups. We investigated and compared 2 groups of lithotripsy and surgery from the aspect of epidemiological characteristics. So, we did for 6 groups: pyelolithotomy and nephrolithotomy, ureterolithotomy, ureteroscopy and TUL, PNL, ESWL, cystolitholapaxy. Results: From 5133 cases, mean age of 43.41, men to female ratio 2.1, 90.1% had done lithotripsy and 9.2% surgery. Percentage of patients of pyelolithotomy and nephrolithotomy was 3.5% ureterolithotomy 0.8%, ureteroscopy and TUL39.5%, PNL 4.9%, ESWL 49.5%, cystolitholapaxy 1.9%. Mean stay in hospital for 1.31±0.19 and for surgery 4.84±0.16, in ESWL 0.81±0.25 and in pyelolithotomy and nephrolithotomy 5.09±0.17 days. During years 2005-2008 percentage of ESWL was : 59.9, 51.4 & 38.4% of all admissions in these years. PNLs percentage was: 3.8, 5.51, 5.53%. Choosing of PNL in urban people was highest (84.5%) and for rural people pyelolithotomy and nephrolithotomy is the most technique in use. Conclusion: Despite of other advanced countries high percentage of our patients undergo open surgery especially in rural people, yet. So, we should provide facilities of education and financials for modern and lower costs of urinary tract stone treatments.
1 N. Amini, 2 H. Salehinia, 3 A. Asfeia, 4 M. Amini,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background: Traffic accidents are major result of death and disability that their victims need relief Relief worker who do this, are at risk of psychological disorder because of Overwhelming accident and rescue work-related stress .It is necessary to be evaluated their psychological status for giving them psychological support. This study was conducted to compare the mental state in active and inactive relief workers in traffic accident in Karaj red cross in1391. Methods: This descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was done among both of active and inactive relief worker in traffic accident in Karaj red cross. Data collection tool were demographic questionnaire and Standard questionnaire for measuring depression, anxiety and stress. Collected data was analysed by SPSS16. Results: Result showed that there is no significant difference between mean of depression, stress and anxiety score in both of them(P>0.05), also there is no significant relationship between psychological status with age, educational level, work backward and marital status but stress and marital status in inactive group was significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: It appears besides traffic accident relief worker, inactive relief worker need more attention and scale up psychological support programs and psychological disorder screening. Also it is proposed to do similar study in larger scale.
1 K. Kabir, 2 A. Tizvir, 3 S. Hadian, 4 Z. Moslemkhani,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background: Life style changes have been considered in different ways in urban communities. Apartment housing, lack of physical activities, both parents being employed, entertainment devices relying on monitor display screens being within reach, leads our children to a sedentary life style. Obesity is just one of the side effects of this kind of living while children's confrontation with computer is decreasing to a lower age. There have been lots of surveys related to the duration of time spending on these entertainments with high school students but no research have been carried out on elementary school students in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried on a sample of 450 male and female students attending the assessment center to register in the first grade in Karaj city. Results & conclusion: Therefore, in this survey, the average time new comers spent in front of a monitor screen was taken into account .The result showed that some part of child's daily activities was allocated to electronic devices having a monitor screen. Our findings showed that the allocated time for watching TV was 2.6 hours per day, for satellite programs: 0.49 hours per day, for Computer operating: 0.9 hours per day, Computer games: 0.38, and play station: 0.14hours per day and in total they used electronic devices 4.6 hour per day. Moreover, in this study, the BMI of each case has been calculated and the spread rate of weigh disorders was studied. About the weight disorders, we found that 15.8 % of students in this survey were low weight, 69.8 % were in normal ranges, 8.9 % were overweight and 5.4% were obese. In this survey, the relation between weight disorder and the rate of using electronic monitor screens was also studied. however, we couldn’t find any relevance between the two variables, probably the weight disorders must be affected by many other factors. We considered demographic variables as well as other variables which may affect weight disorder.
1 S. Siavoshi, 2 M. Roshandel, 3 A. Zareyan, 4 L. Ettefagh,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (10-2013)
Abstract
Introduction: Today, coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) in many patients to treat complications of the disease is common. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of cardiac rehabilitation on quality of life in patients undergoing CABG was performed. Materials and Methods: In this study, a quasi-experimental (clinical trial) study of 50 patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery procedure based on objective and applying the criteria for inclusion of patients (community access) selected. Rehabilitation program was conducted for 24 sessions. for evaluate of demographic data and quality of life, demographic and questionnaires was used. For analysis of data chi-square test and RMANOVA tests was conducted. Results: Results showed that participants in terms of demographic variables were not significantly different from each other. The results also vary between the different stages of research in physical function, role physical (physical limitations, bodily pain, general health, role emotional (emotional limitations), mental health, physical health components and quality of life were significant differences. Conclusion: The results of this research, cardiac rehabilitation intervention is indicated on life quality improvement. Therefore attentive to the issue of cardiac rehabilitation is necessary.
1 F. Bakhsha, 2 M. Rezaeyan, 3 M. Aryaie, 4 S.y. Jafari, 5 M. Alehevaze,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Students are under pressure and stress because of their status in the society. So the university’s student counseling agent is offering consultative services in order to help and guide the students in solving problems and improve their compatibility. The objective of the current study was to investigate the student’s referral proof to the Golestan university of medical sciences’counseling agent. Materials and Methods: In this cross- sectional study conducted in 2008-2009,On, via census sampling, 345 students of various fields, who referred to the counseling agent. Gathering data’s methods were based on questionnaire that is designed based on Health Ministry’s counseling agent’s goals. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software and descriptive statistics and chi square test and ANOVA with significance level of 0.05. Results: Referred student’s reference’s abundance to the counseling agent in the years 2008-2009 showed that from the whole 345 referred people the highest number of referrals by order were: 154 people (44.6%) because of mental problems, 66 people (19.1%) because of marriage problems, 45 people (13%) because of educating problems, 39 people (11.3%) because of communicating problems, 29 people(8.4%) because of suicide problems and 12 people (3.5%) were because of other factors. Conclusion: This article’s results are showing mental, emotional, educating, behaving, cognitive and family problems and also the student’s marriage’s problems. Cognition, diagnosis, adjustment and early removal of failures, abnormalities and possible disorders confirm mental caring systems expanding importance and supportive cures.
1 H. Daraei, 2 F. Daraei,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Phenol is one of the hazardous pollutants in industrials effluent. This pollutant is very toxic to human and the environment. The purpose of this study was investigation of phenol adsorption capacity with egg shell waste from aqueous solution. Methods: The eggshells were dried at 70◦C and for 12 hr in oven and then shells were crushed. The surface characteristics and quantitative elemental information were studied with SEM and XRF analysis. Then the Freundlich and Longmuir adsorption isotherms and Kinetic models were applied to description of the experimental data. Results: The maximum adsorption took place in first 60min of reaction and at pH 9. With increasing the temperature the pollutant adsorption was decreased. Also absorption characteristics of this pollutant on eggshell accommodated with Freundlich isotherm (R2=0.996). Phenol removal kinetics were fitted with both pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. Conclusion: The presented results demonstrate clearly that eggshell is a potentially useful material to be used for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution and industrial wastewater.
1 A. Mosavi Fard, 2 F. Zarei,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (10-2013)
Abstract
Background: Man power is the important asset of every organization. So each employee's health has a direct effect on the organization's performance. because of work station and good working posture are more important in occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders and increase productivity and promote human health, This study has been surveyed working posture related with sitting posture of Karaj medical science school's staffs. Materials and Methods: This study performed on all staff of Karaj medical science school (36). The muscle skeletal disorder and Grade of unsafe working posture calculated with Nordic standard questionnaire and using ErgoIntelligence–UEA software and RULA standard method in every workstation. Using this software instead of pen-paper method lead to saving time and reduce error user. Data analyzed by spss16 software with t-test, ANOVA, Person & Kendall correlation coefficient. Results: Most of the disorders were knee with %67 back with %58 and neck with %53. There was a significant relationship between age and musculoskeletal disorders but there was no significant relationship between other parameters. Scale of every job was 5-7 and risk level in every job was 3 except secretariat that was 4. Conclusion: This study show that there was not acceptable working posture between the jobs and may be regarding the young age of staffs have not seen any musculoskeletal problems present at the time however it can make main problem for staffs in the future.
1 K. Tavakkoli Tabassi, 2 Sh. Mohammadi, 3 N. Barakati,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Double J catheter has been used for years as an independent practice or a part of other urological practices. Although these catheters have solved many patients’ problems but those can cause symptoms and problems for patients. The aim of this study was the investigation the effect of prazosin and oxybutynin on the degree of symptoms due to using Double J catheter. Methods: In this interventional study, patients who underwent TUL from July 2008 to march 2008 in the lithotripsy ward of Imam Reza hospital were entered to the study and randomly divided in 3 groups randomly. In the first group, placebo, in the second group, oxybutynin, in the third group prazosin were prescribed. Three weeks later standard questionnaire Ureteric Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ) was completed. After collecting data, was analyzed using SPSS software. Results: A total of 113 patients (70 men 43 women) were included to the study. The mean age was 39 years. There were no significance difference among urinary symptoms score pain of body and physical activity problems in three groups (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference in general health and work problems among them (P<0.05). Conclusion: Oxybutynin caused a low effect on improvement of general health and work problems in patients who were studied. It might Prazosin does not has a sufficient time to affect on urinary symptoms, because of shortness of usage.
1 A. Darjani, 2 H. Eftekhari, 3 Z. Mohtasham-Amiri,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background & Aims: colonized by staphylococcus aureus were reported in more than 50% of psoriatic lesions. Due to role of epidermal barrier dysfunction on colonization and on the other hands staphylococcal super antigen effect on flare up of disease, this study was conducted to evaluate relationship of staphylococcal aureus colonization with severity of psoriasis disease according to PASI Score. Materials and Methods: In a descriptive analytic study, 42 psoriasis new cases that had not received any topical or systematic medication for disease underwent study. Necessary demographic and clinical data were collected and PASI score for severity of disease according to erythema, infiltration, desquamation and area was calculated. Skin lesions samples were taken by a swab and sent to the laboratory for culture. Data analysis was done by SPSS ver. 13 using T test. Results: lesions of 19 cases (45.2%) were colonized with staphylococcal aureus. Mean of PASI score in positive culture group was 16.07± 3.6 in comparison to negative culture group as 12.43± 3.67 that this difference was significant (P=0.001). There was not any significant difference between duration of disease between positive and negative culture groups (7.11±4.98vs. 6.39±5.25 years). Conclusion: This study showed a significant difference between PASI Score among negative and positive culture groups that this difference may be due to the staphylococcal super antigen effect on psoriasis lesions.
1 M. Latifi, 2 M.h. Taghdisi, 3 F. Estebsari, 4 Z. Rahimi, H. Joveini,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Violence against wives has been one of the things that are of interest to researchers, sociologists and psychologists. In all countries, despite the social and economic and cultural differences between them, Domestic violence occurs by husbands. It encompasses any behavior between them in close relationship. It causes physical, psychological and sexual abuse. Therefore this study is aimed to impact of social factors effective in the incidence of domestic violence in the Tehranian families who are referred to the parks. Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive - analytical. The data collection tools are questionnaires. The questionnaires consist of 4 parts: Demographic data, physical, Sexual and psychological violence. Then 224 persons of married women referring to Tehran parks were completed these questionnaires, so data were analyzed by SPPS software (version 16) using descriptive, inferential statistics. Results: 33.6% of women participating in the study have experienced physical violence at least one during the last year, also between variables female age, remarried women, Gender of children, who Have adopted children, income, property, A separate bank account, type of married are significant relationship with violence. Conclusion: Economic problem, low education and type of job connected to Domestic violence. To combat of domestic violence as a global challenge, should be promoted the men's knowledge about women's rights and educated couple before marriage about their right and created an environment and support and counseling services and psychotherapy for individuals who are victims of violence.
1 S. Amiri, 2 M. Hajfiroozabadi, 3 T. Bahrami Babaheidari, 4 L. Sadati,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (12-2013)
Abstract
Background & Aims: Quality of life is a concept beyond the physical health. It is an important index in health research that its independent quantification as an important outcome is essential. Work environment consists of physical, mental and social stimuli and each of these factors can cause stress. These stresses and pressures have inappropriate effects on physical–emotional welfare, health and its function. Therefore, this study was performed on the Faculty of Medicine of Karaj staffs in 1390 to investigate their quality of life and the governing factors. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive and sectional study, a group of 100 of Faculty of Medicine and of Alborz University of Medical Sciences employees were participated. Sampling was done as census. Data collection was performed by means of the questionnaire of standard of quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) and the questionnaire of demographic information collected. Results: The results show that 51 percent of the employees have reported their quality of life in the average range and 6% in poor range. Furthermore, in the physical aspect of quality of life, 34% of the results are good, 59% moderate and the remaining 7% are poor. Likewise, in the quality of life from psychological aspect, 33% of the results are good, 64 percent moderate, and only 3% are poor. The data for the social relationships aspect are 28% good, 59% moderate, and 13% poor. Finally, in the quality of life from environmental health aspect, 36% of the staffs reported good, 55% moderate, and 9% poor condition. Pearson’s test results show that there is a meaningful correlation between the quality of life and the lower number of children, and also increasing years of service (P=0.00). However, the quality of life does not show any significant relationship with age and income. ANOVA test results indicate that there is a significant relationship between quality of life and the type of employment (P=0.017). Conclusion: Quality of life for the majority of the staffs is average and the factors such as number of children, years of service and earnings type of employment is affected on quality of life.
