@article{ author = {Pourbabaee, M. and Firoozeh, F. and Saffari, M. and Zibaei, M. and Sehat, M. and Radan, M.}, title = {Detection of bla-IMP-1 and bla-IMP-2 Genes Among Metallo-β-lactamase-Producing Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Burn Patients in Isfahan}, abstract ={Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a nosocomial pathogen which especially causes infections among burn patients. Carbapenems are extensively used for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. The emergence of carbapenemases producing isolates is an outcome of increased utilization of carbapenems. The aim of this study was to determine the bla-IMP-1 and bla-IMP-2 genes in metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) -producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients in Isfahan. Material and Methods: A total of 150 P. aeruginosa were isolated from burn patients hospitalized in Imam-Mousakazem hospital in Isfahan. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST) was carried out for screening of MBL production in imipenem-resistant strains. PCR assays were used for detection of bla-IMP-1 and bla-IMP-2 genes among metallo-β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. The purified PCR products were sequenced. Results: Of 150 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, %100 identified as multi-drug resistant strains. The most resistance rates were seen against ciprofloxacin, tobromycin, meropenem and imipenem. All of 144 imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were MBL producing by DDST test. Twenty-nine (19.3%) and 8(5.3%) MBL producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates harbored bla-IMP-1 and bla-IMP-2 genes respectively. Conclusions: According to results of this study high level resistance to imipenem and MBl genes carriage was seen among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patient infections in our region.}, Keywords = {P. aeruginosa, Burn patients, Metallo-β-lactamase, bla-IMP-1, bla-IMP-2}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.1.1}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-403-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-403-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Ghasempour, R. and Nasiripour, A.A. and Hosseini, S.M.}, title = {A Study of Causes of Readmission Patients Toxicological Ward of the Loghman Hakim Hospital, in Tehran in 2014}, abstract ={Introduction: Readmission to hospital because of the impact on the cost and quality of hospital care and Impose an additional burden on the healthcare system, Is an important priority for hospital managers. The aim of Study Was causes of readmission patients toxicological ward of the loghman hakim hospital, Research in Tehran. Method: This is an applied cross-sectional retrospective study. Research community included Admissions in 1393 in toxicological ward of the loghman hakim hospital. Research Size based on Morgan is 300 clinical records. Sampling Method was simple randomly. Readmission in the present study in hospitalized form was more than one defined. Demographic data includes (age, gender, marital status, occupation, education and variables related to hospitalization (hospitalization Frequency, length of stay, and poisoning quality, discharge situation, referral and insurance) by means of information form was extracted from records. In two level Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) and inferential statistics (correlation chi-square test, dependent T test and Chi-square test) were analyzed using SPSS21 software and hypothesis testing was done. Finding: During the study period300 readmission cases were hospitalized in toxicological ward of the loghman hakim hospital.13/4% patient was readmission. The readmission cause in 41/6% patient was related to family issues. It Can be named respectively emotional, spiritual, and addiction with regard to other topics. The total cost of treating patients was 206521754 Rials. The average cost of stay per patient 10256639 Rials, payment by patient 928136 Rials, and Subsidies health payment by health ministry was 1834370 Rials. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that, several factors may be involved in readmission to hospital patients poisons ,the most important of them can be mentioned in the four ares of family problems, emotional problems, mental problems and addiction.}, Keywords = {Readmission, Poisoning, Patient, Cost }, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {8-12}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.1.8}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-404-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-404-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Moghadamnia, D. and Mokhtari, M. and Khatamsaz, S.}, title = {The Protective Effects of Fish Oil Omega3 Supplements and Aqueous Extract of Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root on Disorder in Renal Function Induced by Thioacetamide in Male Rats}, abstract ={Background: Thioacetamide causes kidney dysfunction. The present study was done to evaluate the protect effects of fish oil omega3 Supplements and aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root on disorder of renal function induced by thioacetamide in male rats. Materials and Methods: 63 male rats were divided into 9 groups of 7 : The control group, The sham group receiving 0. 4ml/kg olive oil as the solvent of Fish oil Omega-3 supplements, the thioacetamide group interperitonealy receiving a dose of 150 mg/kg thioacetamide at the end of the experiment, the experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 orally receiving a daily dose of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg fish oil omega-3 supplements respectively for 3 month followed by an inter peritoneal dose of 150 mg/kg thioacetamide at the end of the experiment. experimental groups 4 and 5 and 6: they received the aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root at the doses of 100,200,300mg/kg daily orally during 3 months respectively and then a single dose of thioacetamide at 150 mg/kg as interperitoneal injection. The levels of serum creatinine, BUN, sodium and potassium were measured. The pathological changes of tissue samples of the kidneys were studied after hematoxylin-eosin staining. Results: The mean serum levels of potassium in the second experimental group significantly decreased compared to the group receiving thioacetamide . The mean serum sodium in all experimental groups decreased significantly compared to the group receiving thioacetamide. No significant changes were observed in the mean serum levels of FBS, BUN and creatinine in all experimental groups compared to the group receiving thioacetamide. Pretreatment with the aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root at all doses let to increased the serum level of BUN comparing with thioacetamide group but there was no significant difference . Pretreatment with the aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root at all doses let to significant reduced the serum levels of potassium and sodium comparing with thioacetamide group. Pretreatment with 300 mg/kg of aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root let to significant reduced the serum level of creatinine comparing with thioacetamide group. All the experimental groups improved renal histological changes induced by thioacetamide and these protective effects were dose-dependent. (p≤0/05) Coclusion: The results of this study showed the protective effect of omega-3 fish oil supplement and aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root on disorder of renal function induced by thioacetamide in male rats. }, Keywords = {Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root, Fish Oil Omega3 Supplements, Thioacetamide, Renal Function, Male Rats}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {13-27}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.1.13}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-405-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-405-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Jokar, A. and TvakoliSarvestani, F. and ChangiziAshtiyani, S. and Zarei, A. and Ramezani, M. and Aghababa, H.}, title = {Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Testosterone Plasma Level in Wistar Rat}, abstract ={Background and Aims: High prevalence of infertility and many related problems has become a big problem for economy and healthy. This study is to determine the effect of dietary omega-3 based on hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis (HPG) activity and testosterone plasma level in adult male adult wistar rat. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 40 adult male wistar rats. Animals were with an average weight of 150±20 gr. They divided into five groups (n=8), including the control group, saline group and experimental group of minimum , average and maximum in which consumed dietary including omega-3, 0.25 and 0.5 and 0.75 mg/kg dose the 29 days. The blood was take from the heart of animals. Using Radioimmunoassay methods, testosterone and LH levels were measured. In this study effects of dietary omega-3 on testosterone secretion level in experimental groups, was compared with saline and control groups. Results: The results of a compared LH and testosterone level with the control group (0.167±0.02 and 0.182±0.02) and all experimental groups, particularly at the maximum dose (0.654±0.09and 0.584±0.12 respectively), showed a significant increase. Conclusion: It was shown that the increase in omega-3 plasma levels of in the experimental group led significantly increase in the testosterone and LH level. This study showed that consumption of Omega-3 oils, significantly increase plasma levels of testosterone and LH hormone. }, Keywords = {Omega-3, Fish oil, Testosterone, LH}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {28-33}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.1.28}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-406-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-406-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Jafari, Sh. and Esmaeilizad, M. and Rafiei, A. and Mesri, R. and Ahmadzadeh, M. and Mohamadi, S.}, title = {Immunogenicity Evaluation of A Synthetic Peptide EgP-29aa134-142 from Echinococcus granulosus In BALB /c Strain Mice}, abstract ={Background: Cystic echinococcosis or hydatid disease is a widely endemic helminthic  zoonotic disease caused by infection with metacestodes the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. P-29, a 29-kDa antigen from E. granulosus, is a protoscolex specific component. The immunologic cross reactivity between P-29 and a major diagnostic antigen of E. granulosus (Ag5) indicated that P-29 might be another useful antigen of E. granulosus to be used in diagnosis or in multi epitope vaccines to prevent secondary echinococcosis. In this study, the peptide epitope regions after the identification and synthesis were evaluated in order to determine the effect of stimulating an immune response in a mouse model. Methods: In this study, the p29 antigen epitope regions of the parasite Echinococcus granulosus detected by the IEDB Bioinformatics software and a 8 amino acids sequence were synthesized. BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously three times with two weeks interval. Fourteen days after last immunization spleen tissues were extracted and splenocytes were cultured in presence of antigen for 72 hours. Supernatants were collected and used for cytokine assay by Quantikine  ELISA kit. Results: Sandwich ELISA results were analyzed and showed significant difference in IFN-γ but no significant differences observed in levels of two cytokines IL-4, IL-10, between immunized and control groups. Conclusion: This study has assessed the effect of synthetic peptide EgP-29aa134-142 on the immune response and our results showed that the peptide can increase IFN-γ and therefore induce activation of innate Immunity as well as CTL and Th1 response.}, Keywords = {Echinococcus granulosus, Synthetic peptide EgP-29aa134-142, Cytokine assay}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {34-39}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.1.34}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-407-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-407-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Beiranvand, S. and Eslamizade, N.}, title = {Comparison of the Laryngeal View with Airtraq and Macintosh Laryngoscopes During Tracheal Intubation}, abstract ={Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the laryngeal view in Airtraq and Macintosh laryngoscopes. Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted on hospitalized patients at Shohadaye Ashayer Hospital who were candidate for elective surgery with general anesthesia. One anesthesiologist evaluated and recorded glottis view with Macintosh laryngoscopy based on cormack lehane score and another anesthesiologist who was unaware of the observations of the previous anesthesiologist evaluated and recorded glottis view with Airtraq laryngoscope. Results: The mean age of patients was 30.6 ± 8.89 years old. Mean BMI 22.10 ± 3.25 kg/m2 and duration of intubation was 28.3±6.92 seconds. The Airtraq laryngoscope significantly decreased the Cormack-Lehane score (P = 0.043). Cormack lehane score With the Macintosh laryngoscope was I in 187 patients (69%), II in 56 patients (21.3%), III in 20 patients (7.8%) and IV in 5 patients (1.9%) and with laryngoscope Airtraq was I in 248 cases (93.6%), II in 16 patients (5.2%) and III in 3 patients (1.1%). Improvement in view of larynx was observed in 194 cases (73.0%) with Airtraq laryngoscope and lack of improvement was seen in 73 (27.0%) cases. Conclusion: Considering the high rate of improvement in observation of view of larynx with an Airtraq laryngoscope, decreasing the Cormack-Lehane score, and facilitating the tracheal intubation, Airtraq laryngoscope is a safe and useful for tracheal intubation in elective surgery with general anesthesia. }, Keywords = {Airtraq, Macintosh, Laryngoscope, View, Larynx}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {40-44}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.1.40}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-408-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-408-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Takdastan, A. and Orooji, N. and NooriSepehr, M.}, title = {Evaluation of the Hospital Wastewater Activated Sludge Extended Aeration System in the Removal of Estrogenic Compounds (Case Study: Khuzestan Hospitals)}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Estrogen is a steroid hormone that is in the water and cause risks for aquatic organisms, especially fish is. Estrogenic hormones naturally (caused by endocrine) or artificial (due to hormonal contraceptives such as birth control pills) to sewage and hospital to find. This study aimed to determine the amount of estrogen in the sewage and Golestan and Abuzar hospital in Ahvaz were studied. Material and Methods: Sampling was done by tracking estrogen in the aquatic environment. 56 samples 4 months in different parts of the Golestan and Abuzar hospital wastewater treatment plant in Ahvaz were taken. Sample a little electro luminescence (ECL) were analyzed by laboratory Iranian city of Ahvaz. In this study, different forms of estrogen (estrone, 17-beta-estradiol, estriol, 17-alpha-ethinyl estradiol) has been studied as estrogen. Results: Mean hormone found in raw wastewater to the Golestan hospital wastewater treatment plant effluent from the treatment plant hormone 69.08 ng/l and 7.28 ng/l mean. Mean testosterone in Ahvaz Abuzar hospital treatment input 70.61 ng/l and 18.94 ng/l is refinery output. According to the results of high impact biological treatment is the removal of estrogenic compounds. Conclusion: Secondary treatment of sewage is effective in reducing hormones that can do this at this stage of the biological treatment effect.}, Keywords = {Estrogen, Secondary treatment , Hospital wastewater}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {45-52}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.1.45}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-409-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-409-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Shahrabi-Farahani, M. and Taromi, N. and Saraygord-Afshari, N. and Farajollahi, M. M.}, title = {Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer, from Conventional Methods Towards the New Promising CTCs}, abstract ={Prostate cancer is the second common cancer in men. Unluckily, as the result of the indolence of this cancer in its early stages, timely diagnosis of the disease is very difficult. Hence, in the case of this malignancy, health management and mass monitoring of the population is difficult for health organizations. Because of the incompetence of the conventional diagnostic techniques, many researches are trying to find novel biomarkers in order to develop preventive intervention, screening and targeted therapy. Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) are new biomarkers originating from primary and/or metastatic tumors, and circulate in the bloodstream. Molecular properties of these new biomarkers provide valuable information about the status of the tumor and can be useful in selection of an appropriate therapy. So far lots of methods have been developed for separating CTCs, such as microfluidics technology. Despite of the recent achievements, current methods suffer from several limitations which hinder effective isolation of all subpopulation of CTCs. Thus, finding an ideal method for separating all subsets of CTSs, is still unmet. Herein, conventional diagnostic methods which are used for detection of prostate cancer are introduced and necessities of new diagnostic techniques specially, does based on CTCs are discussed. This review shows that new emerging techniques and promising biomarkers like CTCs could be effectively applied for early detection of prostate cancer and increase the chance of the successful treatment.}, Keywords = {Prostate cancer, Biomarker, Diagnostic techniques, Microfluidics technology, Circulating tumor cells (CTCs)}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {53-58}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.1.53}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-410-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-410-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Rahimi, Sh. and Vahedi, H. and Gachkar, L. and Mojtahedi, S. H. and Seyfollahi, M.}, title = {Investigation of Association between The stress due to job, life health and family in adult diagnosed with IBD}, abstract ={Background: Several psychological factors known to be involved in Inflammatory Bowl Diseases (IBD) pathology including stress  and stressful life style.The aim of this study was to determine the association between The stress due to job, life health and family in adult diagnosed with IBD referred to Gastroenterology and Hepatology Center, Shariati Hospital in 2014-2015. Methods: In a case-control analytical research,using Targeted sampling method, eighty individuals as experimental group and eighty individuals as control group participated. Results: Findings demonstrated the two groups difference regarding means of age, based on Independent-Test (P=0.2) and the difference regarding gender distribution, based on Fishers Exact Test (P= 0.8) were not significant. The two groups difference regarding family stress measured by Independent T -Test, was significant (P 0<001). Conclusion: Findings showed that these patients had more problems in private life regions like emotional conflicts and relationship with spouse and children than non-patient people.}, Keywords = {Inflammatory Bowl Diseases, stress, Crohn's disease, Ulcerative colitis disease}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {67-72}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.2.67}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-416-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-416-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Davoudi, Z. and Azizi, R. and RouhiGilani, K.}, title = {Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Glycemic Control of Diabetic Patients}, abstract ={Background: Helicobacter pylori (H.Pylori) are a most common infection throughout the world. A high prevalence of H.Pylori infection has recently been reported in diabetic patients; but data on relation between H.Pylori and glycemic control (HbA1C level) are not enough and are controversial. This study aimed to investigate this relation in diabetic patients referred to endocrine clinics of Shaheed Labafinegad and Shohada Tajrish hospitals between years of 1386-87. Materials and Methods: This is an experimental (before-after) study, it was done on 61 type II DM patients with or without dyspepsia symptoms that HP Infection identified by serologic test (IgG Anti H. Pylori) and then all patients were treated with Quadriple therapy (Bismuth, Metronidazole, Tetracycline, Omeperazole). HbA1C was measured before eradication H.Pylori and 2month after eradication H.Pylori. Eradication of H.Pylori infection was documented by UBT (Urea Breath test). Mean of HbA1C level before and after H.Pylori eradication was compared by SPSS and paired T Test. Results: In this study mean age was 52.4 ± 10.04 years. The number of male was 39 (63.9%) and female was 22(36.1%) duration of diabetes was 8.7 ± 5.5 years. H.Pylori infection was eradicated in all of the patients (100%). Mean of HbA1C level before eradication was 8.6 ± 1.2 and after eradication was 7.9 ± 1.2; and their difference was 0.7 that is statistically were significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to this study, possible influence of H.Pylori eradication on glycemic control in diabetic patients (reduction in HbA1C); it is recommended to more studies about screening diabetic patients to identify and eradication H.Pylori infection to assess better glycemic control. }, Keywords = {Diabetes mellitus, Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), Serology test for H.Pylori infection}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {73-77}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.2.73}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-417-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-417-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Hatefnia, E. and Ghazivakili, Z.}, title = {Factors Associated with Regular Physical Activity for the Prevention of Osteoporosis in Female Employees Alborz University of Medical Sciences: Application of Health Belief Model}, abstract ={Background: Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease and a growing global health problem that causes bones to thin and fragile. It is estimated that about two million people suffer from osteoporosis. According to the World Health Organization recommends regular physical activity is effective in preventing and while the results of some studies show about 65% of working women in Iran; do not get enough physical activity. This study aimed to determine factors associated with regular physical activity behavior for the prevention of osteoporosis in female employees Alborz University of Medical Sciences and was designed by HBM Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study involving 217 female university employees, all of whom were studied with the consent of the census. Tools for data collection questionnaire that included demographic questions, knowledge and questions based on health belief model structures that had done Validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using spss Edition19 and descriptive analytical statistics tests. Findings: The results show that regular physical activity was 37/8%. Idependent t-test showed a significant difference (P< 0/001) knowledge and self-efficacy between the two groups (with and without regular physical activity). Logistic regression analysis showed that knowledge and self-efficacy are significant predictor of Physical activity behavior. In this study, a significant association was found between the income and physical activity And the other factors such relationship wasnot found for physical activity. Conclusion: According to lack of regular physical activity and considering the relationship between knowledge and self-efficacy with physical activity, the need to addressing this issue through educational programming based on related factors. }, Keywords = {Health Belief Model, Osteoporosis, Regular physical activity, University of female employees}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {78-86}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.2.78}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-418-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-418-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Davoodabadi, M. and Kabir, K. and Shirazi, M. and Najafipoor, S. and Khalegi, E.}, title = {The Study of Mentor\'s Performance from Students View in Alborz University of Medical Sciences 2013}, abstract ={Background: students are exposed to stress for many reasons and there are situations which they need guidance. Mentorship programs have been successful in managing these situations. These programs are one of the main university tasks, which sometimes get less attention which affects its performance. The study aim is to determine the mentor's performance from students view in Alborz University of medical sciences. Methods: In a cross-sectional design, 304 students randomly entered to the study. A self administrated questionnaire were used after reliability and validity been confirmed. Independent-T Test, one way ANOVA and bonferroni post hoc, and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: Mean performance score was 78.53(±22.54) which assumed as to be moderate performance. The score was different between different fields of study (P<0.0001). There was no significant difference by mentor's or student's gender; however the performance score were higher when mentor and student had same sex (P<0.042).   52.6% were satisfied of having a mentorship program in the university. Groups that had more visits had higher satisfaction rates (P<0.0001) but their mean performance score was lower (P<0.0001). Conclusion: It is necessary to identify and resolve barriers of proper mentorship program running. Measures and incentives to make mentors put sufficient time   and also strategies to increase students' participation in selecting their mentors, the professor, students and mentors having, using of higher grade students to help new students under supervision of mentor must be considered. It is needed to survey program performance in medical universities by the Ministry of Health using a similar and standard instrument.}, Keywords = {Mentors, Underachievement, Performance, Students}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {87-94}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.2.87}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-419-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-419-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Heydaratabar, R. and Hatefnia, E. and KazemNezhad, A.}, title = {The Knowledge and Factors Associated with Self-Medication Behavior of Mothers with Children Under Two Years Have Referred to Health Centers in City of Firuoz Kuh Based on the Health Belief Model}, abstract ={Background: Self-medication is as a social economic hygienic inVarious communities, including Iran, with 83/3 percent. The attention to self-medicate in women who take care of children is great importance . This study aimed to assess the knowledge and factors associated with Self Medication behavior of mothers of children under two years have referred to health centers Firoozkooh citybased on the health belief model Methods: This study is a descriptive - analytical study that done On mothers with children under two years of age. Sampling was randomly among mothers who were referred to health centers city Firoozkooh. Data were collected by self designed questionnaire based on HBM that process had passed their validity and reliability. Data analysis using SPSS version 16 and descriptive statistics and analysis. Results: The findings showed that54/4% of mothers had done self-medication behavior and there was a significant negative relationship between knowledge, perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy with self-medication behavior and a significant positive relationship Between perceived barriers with self-medication also Also there was a significant differences between mean knowledge, perceived susceptibility, severity, perceived barriers and self-efficacy in mothers with and without self-medication behavior(P <0/05). Conclusion: HBM has acceptable performance for determine the factors associated in self-medication behavior It can be concluded any time mothers with children under two years have sufficient knowledge about the correct consumption of drugs and perceivedthhat their child is susceptible to damage their own behavior And taken seriously damage As well as have enough from lower barriers and self-efficacy in correct use of medication will be reduced self-medication behavior in them.}, Keywords = {Knowledge, Health belief model, Self-medication, Mothers with children less than two years}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {95-102}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.2.95}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-420-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-420-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Moghadamnia, D. and Mokhtari, M. and Khatamsaz, S.}, title = {Protective Effects Omega3 fish Oil on Disorder of Lipid Function Induced by Thioacetamide in Male Rat}, abstract ={Background: Thioacetamide causes disorder of lipid function . The present study was done to evaluate the protect effects omega3 fish oil supplements on disorder of lipid function induced by thioacetamide in male rats.            Material and Methods: 42 male rats were divided into 6 groups: Control group, Sham group . Animals of this group received 0/4ml olive oil as a solvent omega3 fish oil supplements orally per day for 3 months. Thioacetamide group. Animals of this group received150 mg/kg of TAA intraperitonealy in a single dose for 3 months. Experimental groups 1,2 and 3. Animals of this groups received 100,200 and 300 mg/kg of omega3 fish oil supplements orally per day for 3 months and 150 mg/kg of TAA intraperitonealy in a single dose for 3months. All animals bled after 3 months. The provided blood samples were tested for total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose serum levels by enzymatic methods.             Results: Pretreatment with 300 mg/kg of omega3 fish oil supplements significant reduced the serum level of total cholesterol comparing with thioacetamide group. Pretreatment with the omega3 fish oil supplements all doses increased the serum level of glucose comparing with thioacetamide group but there was no significant difference. Pretreatment with the omega3 fish oil supplements at all doses showed no significant difference in serum levels of LDL, HDL cholesterol and triglyceride comparing with thioacetamide group. Conclusion: Therefore, the result show that the protective effects of omega3 fish oil supplements on disorder of lipid function induced by thioacetamide in male rats. The protective effects of omega3 fish oil supplements can be due to their antioxidant effects.}, Keywords = {Omega3 Fish Oil Supplements, Thioacetamide, Lipid Function, Glucose, Male Rat }, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {103-110}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.2.103}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-421-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-421-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {akhavirad, s. and kazemi, h.}, title = {The Survey of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers Taking Antibiotics Children Younger Than 7 Years}, abstract ={Bachground: Many factors are obviously associated with the overuse of antibiotics at mother's children less than 7 aged. In this study we assess the levels of knowledge,Attitude and practice of mothers about antibiotics use in children less than 7 aged, as well as to identify the contributing factors for inappropriate use. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study included, 255 mothers with children less than 7 aged between 2012-2014 They provided their demographic characteristics and completed a artificial questionnaire in regards to their knowledge ,attitudes and practice about antibiotics use in children less than 7 aged. Data were recorded with SPSS software for Windows V. 19 and P<0.05 was regarded as significant statistic results. Results: The knowledge levels of mothers were 57 (22.4%) poor, 144 (56.4%) moderate, 54 (21.2%) good, attitudes levels were 30 (11.7%) poor, 159 (62.5%) moderate, 66 (25.8%) good and practice levels, 48 (18.9%) poor, 129 (50.5%) moderate and 78 (30.6%) good. Employment mothers and mothers with history of hospitalization in her child had significantly higher knowledge ,attitudes and practice levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that, To develop successful educational interventions, it is nessecery to understand the factors causing inapproprate use of antibiotic and increasing of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of the Mothers for children less than 7 years. }, Keywords = {Antibiotic use, Attitudes, Knowledge, Practice}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {111-122}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.2.111}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-422-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-422-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {khorasani, gh. and nazemisalman, d. and atri, a. and ghanbarzadeh, k. and rahmanpanah, n.}, title = {Effect of Amniotic Membrane Homogenate on Ischemic Skin Flap Survival in Rat Model}, abstract ={Bachground: Surgical skin flaps are frequently used in plastic and reconstructive surgery to repair acquired or congenital defects. Necrosis is a common complication associated with these flaps postoperatively as a result of inadequate blood supply. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of amniotic membrane homogenate in healing the dorsal skin of the rat as an ischemic flap model. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, twenty male Wistar rats weighing between 350 and 400 g were used in the study. For all rats 3*10 cm, full-thickness, caudally based pattern dorsal skin flaps were elevated. The rats were randomized into 2 groups: control (I) and experimental (II). Then in 10 point,0.1 mL amniotic membrane homogenate was injected with with equal interval in experimental group and normal salin administered in control group. Seven days later all skin flaps were examined mechanically (necrosis) and histologically. Results: Tissue flap necrosis showed significantly reduced in amniotic membrane homogenate group (p=0.032), and tissue flap survival showed significantly increased in amniotic membrane homogenate group (p=0.036). There were no significant differences in the histology analysis heling proccess between two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: It seems that, the administration of amniotic membrane homogenate is an effective and safe method that improves the survival of ischemic skin flaps in a rat model.}, Keywords = {Ischemic skin flaps, Amniotic membrane homogenate, Survival, Necrosis}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {123-128}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.2.123}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-423-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-423-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {AghaGhazvieny, L. and Shajari, A. and Shajari, H. and Valypoor, S.}, title = {Ultrasonic Findings of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Newborns in Shariati Hospital (1391-1392)}, abstract ={Background and Objective: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) can affect newborn of all gestational ages and often is clinically silent. Germinal matrix hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage (GM-IVH) is most common in the premature population. Estimated of frequency have changed over the last 20 years. Currently, large series report a 15% prevalence in infants <32 weeks GM-IVH is reliably diagnosed with ultrasonography routine screening for GM-IVH is performed in infants <30 weeks or >1250g at birth Material and Methods: All the newborns whom met the inclusion criteria were included in the study, they all had a brain sonography in the first 48 hrs after, and in case of finding any abnormality sonography was performed every week until discharge. For those who had a normal sonography, no further sonography was performed an expert pediatric radiologist performed the sonographies in sagittal and coronal planes the size of corpus collosum, lateral ventricles, inter hemispheric fissure and subarachnoid spaces were measured. (My lab 70 Esaote) Abnormal cystic regions in white and grey matter were evaluated and abnormal findings were documented. Results: Finally, 100 cases were included in the study GMH had a frequency of 28(28%) in our study. Among those with GMH 18 were male and 10 were female. There were no significant differences between the two sex groups in this regard. (P value=0.5.2), 7 of these infants were delivered through normal vaginal delivery and 21 through c/section. There was no significant difference between the two groups in this regard. (p value=0.010). Mean gestational age among the group with positive history of bleeding was 29 weeks and 31 weeks among those with negative history of bleeding. (p value=0.005). Mean birth weight with positive history of bleeding was 1292 gr and 1490 gr with no bleeding. (p value=0.035) in both groups the highest frequency belonged to first time pregnancies. (p value=0.667). Regarding the grade of bleeding, grade I with 23 cases (82.1%) had the highest frequency, grade 3 and 4 each had cases (7.1%) and grade 2 had 1 cases (3.6%). Regarding the frequency of PVL, only 6 infants (6%) had cystic PVL were detected. Conclusion: The prevalence of IVH in our study was close to other studies conducted in Iran, but was significantly higher than the western studies. Also studies showed that the prevalence of IVH decreased during to higher quality of perinatal care and delivery. }, Keywords = {Brain sonography, Intracranial Hemorrhage, Neonate, Premature}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {137-148}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.3.137}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-461-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-461-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Mallah, F.}, title = {Comparing the Efficacy and Side Effects of Trans-Cervical Catheter and Vaginal Misoprostol on Cervical Ripening}, abstract ={Background: The success of labor induction is extremely dependent on the state of the cervix. There are various methods available in modern obstetrics practice for ripening the cervix, such as intravaginal prostaglandins and mechanical devices like transcervical catheters. Although plenty of studies have already compared the two methods for the unripened cervices, more studies are warranted in nulliparous patients only. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of intravaginal misoprostol tablets with transcervical Foley catheter for cervical ripening in nulliparous patients. Methods & Materials: In this randomized clinical trial, 120 nulliparous candidates for labor induction were recruited from two teaching centers in Tabriz within a 17-month period of time. All the enrolled cases had a live singleton fetus with cephalic presentation at term (≥37 weeks), on-admission Bishop Score≤4, intact membranes and reactive non-stress test results. They were randomly assigned to two equal age-matched groups receiving either intravaginal misoprostol (25 microgram, n=59), or transcervical insertion of 16F Foley catheter (n=60). Results: One time successful induction (i.e. successful induction after a single insertion of misoprostol, or expulsion of transcervical Foley catheter within 12 h of insertion) was achieved in all the patients without employment of other methods such as use of syntocinon. Misoprostol was more effective in terms of induction-to-cervical ripening interval (15.16±3.59 h vs. 18.30±1.59 h; p<0.001). Tachysystole, on the other hand, was significantly more frequent in the misoprostol receivers (25.4% vs. 0%; p<0.001). The two groups were comparable for the rate of cesarean section (misoprostol, 37.3%; Folly catheter, 30%; p=0.40). Comparing the two groups, there was no significant difference with regard to change in Bishop Score (misoprostol, 1.90±0.54 h-1; Folly catheter, 1.89±0.74 h-1; p=0.95) and miscellaneous pregnancy-related and fetal complications such as meconium staining of the amniotic fluid, placental abruption/bleeding, uterine atony/hypertonicity, fetal tachycardia/bradycardia, and neonatal apgar. Conclusion: Intravaginal misoprostol is more efficacious than transcervical insertion of Foley catheter for cervical ripening and induction of labor in nulliparous women.}, Keywords = {Cervical Ripening, Labor Induction, Foley Catheter, Intravaginal Misoprostol }, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {149-156}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.3.149}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-462-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-462-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Hashemi, S.M. and HassanzadehKiyabi, F. and Nikooseresht, M. and HosseiniKhmaneie, S.M. and Safi, E. and Shemiranifar, A. and Gudarzi, F.}, title = {PCA and Postoperative Pain Management After Orthopedic Surgeries}, abstract ={Background: Patients often suffer from inadequate treatment of postoperative pain. The aim of this study was to investigate effect of PCA on postoperative pain management and patients’ satisfaction from use of PCA. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, between 2010 to 2011, patients presented by orthopedic specialists to acute and chronic pain service of Akhtar Hospital. A satisfaction questionnaire was given on discharge to this patients, were asked to fill out it . Then collected by ward nurse. Results: patients’ satisfaction from pain relief with use of PCA was high ( 94.9% ). In this patient pain relief at third day after surgery and require analgesic was low, significantly (p=0.0001). Significant patients’ satisfaction from effect of PCA in pain control and products support was high (p=0.0001).     Conclusion: Patient controlled analgesia is a safe, effective and noninvasive method for post operative pain management and in this study patients’ satisfaction for pain management was high for use of PCA and pain service. }, Keywords = {PCA, Postoperative pain, Patients’ Satisfaction}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {157-162}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.3.157}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-463-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-463-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Derafshi, H. and KalantriBengar, B. and Kasani, E. and Nazari, M. and Rahimi, F. and Vaseghi, M. and Alaei, M.}, title = {Computing Cost Price by Using Activity Based Costing (ABC) Method in Dialysis Ward of Shahid Rajaei Medical & Education Center, in Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj in 2015}, abstract ={Background: Analysis of hospital cost is one of the key subjects for resource allocation. The Activity – based costing is an applicable tool to recognize accurate costs .This technique helps to determine costs. The aim of this study is utilizing activity activity-based costing method to estimate the cost of dialysis unit related to Shahid Rajaei hospital in year 2015. Methods: The type of this research is applied and sectioned descriptive study. The required data is collected from dialysis unit , accounting unit, discharge, the completion of medical equipments of Shahid Rajaei hospital in the first six months 2015 which was calculated cost by excel software. Results and Conclusion: In any month, the average 1238 patients accepted to receive the dialysis services in Shahid Rajaei hospital .The cost of consumables materials was 47.6%, which is the majority percentage of allocated costs. The lowest cost related to insurance deductions about 2.27%. After Calculating various costs of dialysis services, we find out, the personal cost covers only 32% of the all cost. The other ongoing overhead cost is about 11.94% of all cost. Therefore, any dialysis service requires 2.017.131 rial costs, however the tariff of any dialysis service is 1.838.871 rial. So, this center loses 178,260 rial in each session. The results show that the cost of doing any dialysis services is more than the revenue of it in Shahid Rajaei hospital. It seems that the reforming processes of supplying consumable, changing the tariffs in chronic dialysis; especially in set the filter and consumable materials unit besides controlling the cost of human resource could decrease the cost of this unit with Regard to the results recommended using capacity of the private department recommended. }, Keywords = {Activity based on costing, Cost price, Dialysis, Hospital}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {163-172}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.3.163}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-464-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-464-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Rajai, N. and Teymouri, F. and Sajadi, A. and Zareiyan, A. and Seyedmazhari, M.}, title = {The Effect of Inhalation Aromatherapy on Physiological and Psychological Parameters of Patient’s Candidate for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: Pilot Study}, abstract ={Introduction: Anxiety and stress are common problems before coronary artery bypass graft surgery has a destructive effect on the patient's condition. One of the medications therapies that are effective in reducing anxiety level is Aromatherapy. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of inhalation aromatherapy on physiological and psychological parameters of patients who are candidate for coronary artery bypass graft. Method: In this pilot study, 30 patients candidate of coronary artery bypass graft were selected by convenient sampling method. For intervention on the morning of the surgery, patients inhaled Lavender essential oil from a distance of 5 cm of the nose, for 20 minutes. Physiological and psychological parameters of patients the day before surgery and then 5 and 30 minutes after intervention was estimated by Form vital signs and DASS questionnaire. Data were analyzed in three phases using Descriptive Statistics and repeated measures ANOVA by SPSS.17. Results: 20% of patients were female, 80% male with an average age of 65/36±8/05. The results show a significant difference between the three time phases in variable of the pulse (P = 0/041), respiration (P = 0/040) and stress (P=0.046). Discussion: Aromatherapy can be an effective way to reduce stress levels and pulse in patients candidate for coronary artery bypass graft. Since this results study obtained from a pilot study, to Generalize the results, clinical trials with larger sample size is recommended.}, Keywords = {Aromatherapy, Anxiety, stress, coronary artery bypass graft surgery}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {173-178}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.3.173}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-465-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-465-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {KhezriMotlagh, R. and Mokhtari, M. and Shariati, M. and Changizi-Ashtiyani, S. and Moghadamnia, D.}, title = {The Effect of Antiepileptic Drug of Lamotrigine, on the Function of Reproductive Hormones in Male Rats}, abstract ={Introduction: Lamotrigine is one of the never anti-epileptic drug. In this study the effects of lamotrigine have been observed on serum concentration of LH (Luteinizing hormone), FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone), testosterone ,body and testis weight in male rat. Methods: The animal used in this experiment were 40 adult male rat from wistar race which were divided in to 5 group of 8.consisting of control group which received nothings, Sham group which received 0.2 ml distilled water via oral. Experimental group which received 100, 200, 400 mg/kg lamotrigine via oral after 14th day body weight were measured in all group and then the blood sample was taken from heart and concentration of LH.FSH, testosterone was measured. In addition the testis were separated and testis weight were measured in all group. Results: The result show that concentration of LH in experimental group did not show significant difference in compared with control group but in experimental group received 400mg/kg of lamotrigine  show a significant decrease in concentration of FSH and testosterone in comparison with control group .In addition lamotrigine had effect and testis weight in middle and high dose was reduce. Conclusion: Lamotrigine, an antiepileptic drug, reduced reproductive activity by inhibiting of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in adult male rats.}, Keywords = {Lamotrigine, LH, FSH, Testosterone, Rat}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {179-186}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.3.179}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-466-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-466-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Assad, M.R. and Zoghi, R. and Fashi, M.}, title = {The Effect of 8 Weeks Resistance Training with HMB Supplementary Product on Changes in Growth Hormone and Testosteron Over Un athlete Males}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 8 weeks resistance training program with HMB supplementary product on changes in Growth hormone and testosterone over non athlete males. This  presented research is a semi-experimental research and due to this matter 20 non athlete males participated voluntary  for this research and were divided into 2 groups, experimental groups (n=10) with an average age of 75/28±39/1 years, height 83/179±30/0 centimeters, weight 23/84+-58/3 kilograms and fat percentage 21/29±97/5,2: control group(n=10) with an average of 28+-14/2 years, height 25/180±71/3 centimeters , weight 23/84±58/3 kg and fat percentage 21/29±97/5.both groups performed 8 weeks resistance training  protocol ( 5 moves,3 times per a week, with  an intensity level of 50 to 80% 1RM). The experimental group during the research took 3 gr HMB supplement daily .a drug index is used for the control group. before  the exercise and  48 h after the last training session blood sample was taken from their left  forearm vein while fasting. at last growth hormone and testosterone serum dosage  was analyzed via a micro wells (made in U.S.A). Beside growth hormone and testosterone, fat percentage, BMI and vo2 max  were analyzed before and after the experiment. The analyzed rate via T TEST showed that the usage of HMB supplement doesn’t have a significant effect on GH,TH, FAT PERCENTAGE, BMI, and vo2 max. This presented information doesn’t recommend the HMB supplement dose for increasing level of growth and testosterone serum.}, Keywords = {Resistance training, HMB supplement, Growth hormone, Testosterone hormone, Non athlete males}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {187-193}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.3.187}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-467-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-467-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Taheri, A.R. and Rahmanpanah, N. and Aghili, M. and NazemiSalman, D. and Hosseinzadeh, Z.}, title = {Treatment Results of Combined Surgery and Brachytherapy, and the Rate of Recurrence in Patients with Recurrent Keloid Scars}, abstract ={Background: Several options are described to treat keloid scars, none of them being 100% successful. Radiotherapy is suggested to have the most significant effect on recurrence rate. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of  High-dose brachytherapy combined with surgery and to evaluate patient satisfaction. Methods and Material: We retrospectively enrolled 5 patients with 10 keloids, treated by surgical excision and high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy. Total dose was 12 Gy in 3 fractions. Results: The median size of the lesions before brachytherapy was 153.48 mm2. The improvement of scars of scoring POSAS by observer and patient were 17.1±3.2 (11-32) and 20.8±11.5 (5-51), respectively. Mean of recurrent time was 26.3±0.9 months. With a median follow-up of 60 months, the overall recurrence-free response rate for all keloids was 20%. Except for one patient, in other patients seen no complications. Conclusion: It seems that keloid excision followed by HDR brachytherapy is effective in the eradication of keloids in treatment. It also resulted in a good cosmetic rate and relief of symptoms.  }, Keywords = {Keloid, High-dose brachytherapy, Excision, Cosmetic, Relief}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {194-200}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.3.194}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-468-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-468-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Shams, A.R. and Ebrahimi, S. and Shamusi, A. and Pahlevan, Sh.}, title = {Treatment of Prostate Cancer Cells (DU145) with Gamma-Ray Radiation and Silver Nano Particles}, abstract ={Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in America which causing great harm and waste cost. Furthermore almost more prostate cancer treatments are ineffective.  Purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of therapy and the rate of increase of the absorbed dose of gamma radiation with silver nano particles in treatment of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: DU145 cell line originating from Human prostate cancer was purchased from Pasteur Institute. After thawing of defreezed samples, cells were incubated with DMEM medium and 15% FBS Confluency FBS serum was added. For preventing contamination amphotericin B in 25 μM/ml was added. Cells were incubated over a period of 3 to 5 days to reach a good Confluency Then cells divided into 4 groups . Tentatively assigned to the control group, the second experimental group treated with gamma irradiation at a doses of 2, 6 and 10 Gy, the third group treated with 53 μg/ml م g/mlµ 53 silver nano particles. The fourth group includes simultaneous treatment with gamma doses and silver nano particle.انکوبه و Cell groups studied by staining with trypan blue as well as by MTT assay (ELISA) reader. Results: The results showed the use of gamma rays and silver nano particles caused a significant reduction in the number of cancer cells in the treated groups compared to the other treatment groups and a control group. Using of silver nano particles as a radio sensitizer and radiation therapy in prostate cancer cell lines DU145 resulted in the increase of the gamma-ray photon energies of 6 and 10 Gy. Discussion: The gamma photon radiation to the tumor cells were incubated nano particle probability Photoelectric process as a process when handling the extremely high energy gamma photons hitting the silver nano particles to cancer cells, photoelectron and Auger electrons (Auger Electrons ) and secondary electrons produced by secondary particles can be. It will not be very effective, leading to failures in the field of DNA damage and cell death. }, Keywords = {Prostate cancer, Gamma- ray, Nano Silver, DU145, Cell Culture}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {209-217}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.4.209}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-503-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-503-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Jahangiri, S. and Tadayonfar, M. and Rahmani, A. R. and Rakhshani, M.H.}, title = {The Effect Of Probiotic Supplement To Reduce Abdominal Bloating In Stroke Patients Admitted To The ICU}, abstract ={Background: Bloating, is a common complication in patients with stroke; that increased intracranial pressure due to cerebral hypoxia in these patients. Most drugs have adverse effects  to relieve flatulence.So this study aimed to investigate the effect of synbiotic supplement on stroke patients; was performed. Methods: The study, on 65 stroke patients; was done. They were randomly divided into two groups: control (n = 32) and intervention  (n = 33) and the size of their abdominal circumference were measured before the study. The intervention group, in addition to routine treatment, for a week, every 12 hours, recived fermented prbiotic supplement Zhari Takhmir and the control group was given only a laxative( MOM = 15cc) prescribed by a doctor. In the end, abdominal circumference in all patients were evaluated again. Data using analysis of covariance model, were analyzed . Results: After a week, abdominal circumference measurements in two groups showed that; in the intervention group on average waist size of 6.1 inches had reduced compared to baseline( p=0.028). But the changes were not significant in the control group. Conclusion: The study showed that a probiotic supplementation reduces abdominal circumference and  distention in patients with stroke; Therefore, probiotics can be used as a non-drug therapy in the treatment of these patients.}, Keywords = {Probiotics, Bloating, Stroke, ICU}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {218-222}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.4.218}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-504-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-504-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Darjani, A. and Mehdi-Zadeh, Z. and Alizadeh, N. and Eftekhari, H. and Rafeiei, R. and Gharaei-Nezhad, K. and ShafaeiTonekaboni, S.S. and Mohtasham-Amiri, Z.}, title = {Comparison of Serum Vit D Level Between Psoriasis Patients and Normal Population}, abstract ={Introduction: Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disorder with humeral and cellular immune system involvement. On the other hands، Vitamin D has important immunomodulatory effects and its relations with many autoimmune diseases were shown. The relation between Serum Vit D Level and Psoriasis disease remained controversial issue that this study was done to show this relationship. Methods and Materials: In this comparative cross sectional study، 30 psoriatic patients who attended to Razi dermatology clinic in Rasht، by sequential sampling underwent study as case group. 30 healthy people from hospital at the same age، gender and skin-colored also were selected as control group. Inclusion criteria were patients and people without Ca or Vit D supplements usage or underground diseases in relation to hypovitaminosis D. Demographical data were gathered by interviewing and then blood samples from all participants were sent for analysis of serum Ca، P، Vit D and parathormone level. Data analysis was done by SPSS ver. 18 using T-test and Chi 2 test. Result: Mean and SD serum level of Vit D in case and control groups were 25.8± 12.6 ng/ mL and  23.7± 8.9 ng/ mL، respectively (ρ>0.05). Out of all، 24 participants (40%) suffered from Vit D Deficiency and 20 people (33.3%) from Vit D insufficiency ، only 26.7% study subjects had acceptable serum Vit D level. There were not any significant difference between Vit D deficiency rates and other measured biochemical indices in two groups (36.7% vs. 43.3%). Conclusion: This study showed high level of Vit D deficiency in both psoriatic and normal people that must be notice.}, Keywords = {Psoriasis, Vit D, Immune System}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {223-228}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.4.223}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-505-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-505-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Khaki-Khatibi, F. and Mahmoodi, N.}, title = {Association of OX-LDL and MDA Serum Level with Extent of Coronary Artery Disease}, abstract ={Background: Atherosclerosis is the main reason of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). The studies show that several factors are interconnected with the development and progression of CAD including lipid peroxidation, inflammation and homeostasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum level of Oxidized LDL (OX-LDL) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) and their association with the extent of Coronary Artery Disease. Methods: In this cross-sectional study serum OX-LDL and MDA levels were determined in 160 patients with Coronary Artery Disease comprised of 40 subjects with no vessel disease, 40 subjects with single vessel disease, 40 subjects with double vessel disease, and 40 subjects with triple vessel disease matched control healthy 20 subjects. Serum levels of OX-LDL determined used to (ELISA) procedure. Serum level of MDA was measured by photometric method based on reaction with Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA). Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation coefficients, Student's t test or ANOVA. Result: Oxidized LDL and Malondialdehyde serum levels in patient groups were significantly higher than control groups (p<0.05). Furthermore, serum concentrations of OX-LDL in double-vessel disease were significantly higher as compare with control and no-vessel groups and triple vessel disease were significantly higher as compare with single vessel disease (p<0.05). Serum concentrations of MDA in double-vessel disease were significantly higher as compare with control and no-vessel groups and triple vessel disease were significantly higher as compare with single vessel disease (p<0.05). Conclusion: Elevated serum levels of OX-LDL and MDA indicate potential role in atherogenesis leading to CAD. There for our findings suggest that determination of serum OX-LDL and MDA levels can be useful as diagnostic and monitoring markers in patients with CAD and its extent.}, Keywords = {Oxidized LDL, Malondialdehyde, Coronary Artery Disease }, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {229-235}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.4.229}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-506-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-506-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Roshan, A. and Nayebzadeh, H. and Zibaei, M. and Shokrani, H.R. and Tarahi, M.J.}, title = {In vitro Evaluation of Aqueous Solution of Ephedra major on Protoscloces of Hydatid Cysts}, abstract ={Background: Treatment of hydatidosis in humans, mainly surgery with the use of drugs is combined. During surgery, the risk of fluid leakage hydatid cyst that was content to adjacent tissues, resulting in recurrence of the disease. Ephedra is a plant that grows in various regions of Iran and used to treat as antibacterial and antifungal in certain diseases. The aim of this study was to in vitro evaluate the effects of different concentrations of aqueous extract of Ephedra major at different times. Materials and Methods: Infected liver to hydatid cysts were collected from slaughterhouses. Protoscoleces viability was assessed by staining Eosin 1.0 percent. Protoscoleces activities of aqueous extract 1/0, 01/0, 001/0 mg/ml at 10, 20, 30 and 60 minutes were analyzed. Saline and saturated brine were used as positive and negative controls. Results: The highest percentage of household protoscoleces dilution of 0.1 (13.58%) was observed (P= 0.001). Protoscoleces lowest scolicidal effect rate was found in the dilution 0.001 (2.47%) Conclusions: The effect of aqueous extract of Ephedra major plumbing protoscoleces not significant. Therefore, it cannot be used as a cache protoscoleces strong and appropriate.}, Keywords = {Echinococcus granulosus, Hydatid cyst, Ephedra major}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {236-241}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.4.236}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-507-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-507-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Moghadamnia, D. and Mokhtari, M. and Khatamsaz, S.}, title = {The Protective Effects of Aqueous Extract of Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Against Liver-related Biochemical Factors Changes Induced by Thioacetamide in Male Rats}, abstract ={Background: Thioacetamide is a liver toxin that causes centrilobular necrosis. In this study, the protective effect of aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root against liver-related biochemical factors changes induced by thioacetamide in male rats was investigated. Materials and Methods: 35 male rats were divided into 5 groups of 7 : control group; sham group: receiving a single dose of 150mg/kg thioacetamide intraperitoneally; experimental groups 1 and 2 and 3: they received the aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root at the doses of 100,200,300mg/kg daily orally during 3 months respectively and then a single dose of thioacetamide at 150 mg/kg as intraperitoneal injection . The serum levels of albumin, bilirubin and total protein were measured. Results: The mean of body weight in all experimental groups receiving aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root and thioacetamide did not show significant changes compared to the group receiving thioacetamide. The mean levels of serum bilirubin in all experimental groups receiving aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root and thioacetamide did not show significant changes compared to the group receiving thioacetamide. The mean of serum albumin concentration in all experimental groups receiving aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root and thioacetamide decreased significantly compared to the group receiving thioacetamide. The mean of serum total protein concentration in experimental groups receiving aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root and thioacetamide did not show significant changes compared to the group receiving thioacetamide( p<0. 05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root had protective effects against liver-related biochemical factors changes induced by thioacetamide in male rats. }, Keywords = {Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root, Thioacetamide, Biochemical Factors, Male Rats}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {242-248}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.4.242}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-508-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-508-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Sohrabi, Z. and SafarinezhadFard, M. and Qorbani, M. and BahramiBabaHeydari, T. and Salehi, L.}, title = {Psychometric the Scale of Attitudes Toward Learning with Social Media in Medical Students in Iran}, abstract ={Background and Purpose: Social media has important role in educational programs. This study aimed to psychometric of the attitudes towards social media learning scale. Methods: This psychometric study included 119 participants from medical schools around Iran. The initial instrument was adopted from previous studies and had eight questions based on the Likert scale. The instrument verification procedure included examining the impact factor, the content validity index (CVI) and the content validity ratio (CVR) based on the judgment of 10 experts. Its internal validity was examined by an exploratory factor analysis. The internal reliability of the scale was determined by the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient and the external consistency was assessed by using the test-retest method. Results: In the initial scale, all of the 8 items were kept with an impact item index of over 1/5, the CVR over 0.62, and CVI of over 0.7. Based on exploratory factor analysis, all of the 8 items were maintained in the scale. Considering a minimum eigenvalue of 1 for each factor, the following three factors: communications in learning, reflective learning, and interactive learning were extracted. This instrument was capable of predicting 69.416% of the changes of the whole scale. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated the strength of the factor structure and reliability of the instrument for measuring attitudes toward learning via social media. The results of study can assess students’ attitudes in this regard in universities and other educational institutes.}, Keywords = {Validity, Reliability, Psychometric, Social Media}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {249-258}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.4.249}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-509-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-509-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {AsadiShavaki, M. and Salehi, L.}, title = {The Study of Physical Activity AmongElderly of Karaj City and its Relationship with Some the Demographic Factors}, abstract ={Backgrounds and Objective:Physical activity is one of the important and effective factors associated with the human health. The elderly are among the most vulnerable groups in many diseases and disorders that exercise can prevent of many of these diseases. The aims of this study is to determine the level of physical activity among elderly of Karaj city and its relationship with some the demographic factors. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the first half of 2014 and in health centers of Karaj city, Iran. The study population were people older than 60 years (n=286) who referred to these centers. A short physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to collect data. Data were analyzed by SPSS and the descriptive and analytical tests.  Results: The age mean of elderly was 67/37 ± 6/5 years. The majority of them (52/4%) were woman & (54/2 %) were in families with 4-6 members. About physical activity level in participant finding show that 50/5% were in low level, 43/1% intermediate and 6/4% were in high level. A significant relationship was between gender & job in elderly with level of physical activity (P<0/05).  Conclusion: According to the results it seems that for encourage and remove the barriers of doing physical activity in elderly, basic plans must be done at the macro level of management. So it is suggested that more researches and interventions about barriers of doing physical activity be done in elderly of Karaj city.  }, Keywords = {Physical activity, Exercise, Health Behavior, Elderly}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {259-266}, publisher = {Alborz University of Medical sciences}, doi = {10.18869/acadpub.aums.5.4.259}, url = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-510-en.html}, eprint = {http://aums.abzums.ac.ir/article-1-510-en.pdf}, journal = {Alborz University Medical Journal}, issn = {2322-3839}, eissn = {2588-3046}, year = {2016} }